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Pain Relief: Piroxicam is primarily used to relieve pain associated with conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout, menstrual cramps, dental pain, and musculoskeletal injuries. It helps reduce pain by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals involved in the inflammatory response.
Anti-inflammatory: Piroxicam possesses anti-inflammatory properties and is effective in reducing inflammation and swelling caused by various inflammatory conditions, including arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, and other musculoskeletal disorders. By inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes, piroxicam decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins, thereby alleviating inflammation.
Fever Reduction: Piroxicam can help reduce fever by lowering elevated body temperature associated with infectious diseases or inflammatory conditions. It achieves this by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which play a role in regulating body temperature.
Management of Arthritis: Piroxicam is commonly prescribed for the long-term management of arthritis, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. By reducing pain and inflammation, it improves joint mobility and function, thereby enhancing the quality of life for individuals with arthritis.
Dental Pain Relief: Piroxicam may be used to alleviate dental pain and inflammation associated with conditions such as toothache, dental surgery, or periodontal disease. It can provide effective pain relief and reduce swelling in the oral cavity when administered appropriately.
Topical Application: Piroxicam is available in topical formulations, such as gels or creams, for localized pain relief and inflammation reduction. These topical preparations are often used for conditions like osteoarthritis of the knees or hands, providing targeted relief to affected areas.
Side Effects: Common side effects of piroxicam may include gastrointestinal disturbances such as stomach pain, heartburn, nausea, and diarrhea. Long-term use of piroxicam may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Other potential side effects include headache, dizziness, fluid retention, and skin rash. It's essential to use piroxicam under the supervision of a healthcare professional and to report any adverse reactions promptly.
Contraindications: Piroxicam is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, severe heart failure, renal impairment, and active inflammatory bowel disease. It should be used with caution in older adults, those with a history of cardiovascular disease, and individuals taking anticoagulant medications.
Drug Interactions: Piroxicam may interact with other medications, including blood thinners, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and certain antidepressants. It's essential to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting piroxicam therapy.
Dosage and Administration: The dosage of piroxicam depends on the individual's medical condition, response to treatment, and other factors. It is typically taken orally as capsules or tablets, with or without food. Topical formulations should be applied to the affected area according to the product instructions.
Monitoring: Patients taking piroxicam should be monitored regularly by their healthcare provider to assess treatment response, monitor for side effects, and evaluate renal and hepatic function, especially during long-term therapy.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansiaceae | family | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Eggerthella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lachnospira | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacrimispora | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Thomasclavelia | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | environmental samples | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | unclassified Akkermansia | no rank | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacrimispora saccharolytica | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia massiliensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Candidatus Akkermansia intestinavium | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Thomasclavelia ramosa | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia muciniphila | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Eggerthella lenta | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lachnospira eligens | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia glycaniphila | species | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0 | 0 | |
| Allergies | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Asthma | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0 | 0 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Autism | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Celiac Disease | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0 | 0 | |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Constipation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| COVID-19 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Crohn's Disease | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0 | 0 | |
| Depression | 1.3 | 1 | 0.3 |
| Endometriosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Epilepsy | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 0 | 0 | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Gout | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Heart Failure | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0 | 0 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 0 | 0 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Insomnia | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.1 | 0.4 | -3 |
| ischemic stroke | 0 | 0 | |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 0.3 | 0.7 | -1.33 |
| Long COVID | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Menopause | 0 | 0 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Mood Disorders | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0 | 0 | |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Obesity | 1 | 1.3 | -0.3 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 1 | 1.1 | -0.1 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0 | 0 | |
| Psoriasis | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Schizophrenia | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| scoliosis | 0 | 0 | |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0 | 0 | |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Vitiligo | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
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