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Anti-inflammatory Effects: Like other NSAIDs, niflumic acid works by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, particularly COX-1 and COX-2. By inhibiting these enzymes, niflumic acid reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds involved in the inflammatory response. As a result, niflumic acid helps to alleviate inflammation, swelling, and pain associated with conditions such as arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, and injuries.
Analgesic (Pain-Relieving) Effects: Niflumic acid provides analgesic effects by interfering with the transmission of pain signals in the nervous system. By modulating the activity of certain receptors and ion channels involved in pain perception, niflumic acid can reduce the intensity of pain experienced by individuals with various acute and chronic pain conditions.
Antipyretic Effects: Niflumic acid exhibits antipyretic properties, meaning that it can help reduce fever by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins in the brain's hypothalamus, which regulates body temperature. By lowering fever, niflumic acid can provide symptomatic relief in individuals with fever due to infections or inflammatory conditions.
Musculoskeletal Disorders: Niflumic acid is commonly used to treat musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, tendonitis, and bursitis. By reducing inflammation and pain in affected joints, muscles, and connective tissues, niflumic acid can improve mobility and quality of life in individuals with these conditions.
Acute and Chronic Pain: Niflumic acid is effective in managing various types of acute and chronic pain, including back pain, neck pain, dental pain, postoperative pain, menstrual cramps, and headaches. It can be used alone or in combination with other pain-relieving medications to achieve adequate pain control and improve patient comfort.
Topical Formulations: Niflumic acid is available in topical formulations such as gels and creams, which can be applied directly to the skin to provide localized relief from pain and inflammation associated with conditions like arthritis, sprains, strains, and sports injuries. Topical niflumic acid formulations are often preferred for their targeted action and reduced systemic side effects compared to oral NSAIDs.
Side Effects: Despite its therapeutic benefits, niflumic acid can cause side effects, particularly when used at high doses or for prolonged periods. Common side effects of niflumic acid may include gastrointestinal problems such as stomach pain, indigestion, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal ulcers or bleeding. In rare cases, niflumic acid may also cause allergic reactions, skin rash, dizziness, headache, and liver or kidney dysfunction.
Precautions: Before using niflumic acid, individuals should inform their healthcare providers about any preexisting medical conditions, allergies, or medications they are taking, as well as their pregnancy or breastfeeding status. Long-term use of NSAIDs like niflumic acid may increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke, especially in individuals with underlying cardiovascular disease or risk factors.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Odoribacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Fusobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Butyricimonas | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Vescimonas | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Monoglobus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprobacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Flintibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Acutalibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Mageeibacillus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Oscillibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Intestinimonas | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Barnesiella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Wujia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Simiaoa | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Pseudobutyrivibrio | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Faecalibacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lawsonibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Pusillibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Enterocloster | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Veillonella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Blautia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens A | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens B | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens C | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens CPE | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens D | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens E | no rank | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides distasonis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides ovatus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides uniformis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Odoribacter splanchnicus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides merdae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Fusobacterium nucleatum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides humanifaecis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. A1C1 | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. CACC 737 | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | uncultured Alistipes sp. | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. D2 | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides luhongzhouii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. M10 | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes sp. dk3624 | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium longum | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. HF-162 | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes finegoldii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes shahii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Butyricimonas virosa | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes senegalensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes dispar | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides sp. DH3716P | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes megaguti | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprobacter fastidiosus | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Butyricimonas faecalis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprobacter secundus | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Barnesiella viscericola | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes onderdonkii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides faecium | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides johnsonii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides xylanisolvens | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Alistipes communis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides caecimuris | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides nordii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Leyella stercorea | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Enterocloster bolteae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Veillonella parvula | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridium perfringens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Blautia obeum | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suillum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Acne | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| ADHD | 3.1 | 0.1 | 30 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Allergies | 1.7 | 2.1 | -0.24 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 |
| Alzheimer's disease | 4.4 | 1.9 | 1.32 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 1.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1 | 1.6 | -0.6 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
| Asthma | 1.6 | 0.5 | 2.2 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Autism | 2.8 | 3.4 | -0.21 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Biofilm | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.67 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.2 | 0.9 | -3.5 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| Carcinoma | 2.7 | 1.9 | 0.42 |
| Celiac Disease | 1 | 2.3 | -1.3 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.5 | 0.9 | -0.8 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 3.2 | 3 | 0.07 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.4 | 0.6 | -0.5 |
| Cognitive Function | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 2.7 | 0.5 | 4.4 |
| Constipation | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.5 | 1.2 | -1.4 |
| COVID-19 | 5.1 | 4.3 | 0.19 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4.4 | 2.6 | 0.69 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.7 | 0.9 | -0.29 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Depression | 4.3 | 2.9 | 0.48 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Eczema | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Endometriosis | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Epilepsy | 1.3 | 1.4 | -0.08 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 3.2 | 1.9 | 0.68 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0 | 0 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Gout | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Graves' disease | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.09 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Halitosis | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.5 | 0.4 | 2.75 |
| Heart Failure | 1.7 | 1 | 0.7 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.1 | 0.8 | -7 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| hyperglycemia | 0.1 | 0.9 | -8 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| hypersomnia | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2.1 | 2.8 | -0.33 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| Hypoxia | 1 | 1 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.4 | 2.1 | -0.5 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 2.5 | 3.8 | -0.52 |
| Insomnia | 0.4 | 1.1 | -1.75 |
| Intelligence | 0.9 | 0.1 | 8 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 1.4 | 0.1 | 13 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.3 | 2.9 | -0.26 |
| ischemic stroke | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 2.6 | 1.8 | 0.44 |
| Long COVID | 2.2 | 4.2 | -0.91 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Lung Cancer | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lymphoma | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.2 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Menopause | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 2.6 | 3.5 | -0.35 |
| Mood Disorders | 4.2 | 2.3 | 0.83 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 1.7 | 2.5 | -0.47 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.1 | 0.5 | -4 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
| neuropathic pain | 1.3 | -1.3 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0 | 1.1 | 0 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 2.2 | 2.1 | 0.05 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Obesity | 3.1 | 3.3 | -0.06 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 3 | 0.9 | 2.33 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1 | 0.9 | 0.11 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| pancreatic cancer | 1 | 1 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 2.8 | 1.6 | 0.75 |
| Peanut Allergy | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3.8 | 2.2 | 0.73 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.1 | 0.4 | -3 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1 | 1.7 | -0.7 |
| Psoriasis | 0.9 | 1.7 | -0.89 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 2.6 | 1.7 | 0.53 |
| Rosacea | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Schizophrenia | 2.9 | 1.3 | 1.23 |
| scoliosis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| sensorineural hearing loss | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.2 | 1.7 | -0.42 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.23 |
| Tic Disorder | 1 | 0.2 | 4 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.38 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 2.5 | 3.2 | -0.28 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2 | 3.9 | -0.95 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 1.3 | 1.5 | -0.15 |
| Vitiligo | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
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