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🍽️ chlorpropamide,(prescription)

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  1. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Chlorpropamide belongs to the class of medications known as sulfonylureas, which are oral hypoglycemic agents used to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells, thereby increasing insulin levels in the bloodstream. Insulin helps facilitate the uptake of glucose by cells, leading to a reduction in blood sugar levels. Chlorpropamide is effective in controlling fasting and postprandial (after-meal) blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes when used as part of a comprehensive treatment regimen that includes diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic medications.

  2. Glycemic Control: Chlorpropamide helps improve glycemic control and reduce hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, which reflect average blood glucose levels over a period of several weeks to months. By lowering blood sugar levels, chlorpropamide helps prevent or delay the development of diabetes-related complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy. It is particularly beneficial in individuals with moderate to severe hyperglycemia who are unable to achieve adequate glycemic control with lifestyle modifications alone.

  3. Insulin Secretagogue: Chlorpropamide belongs to the first generation of sulfonylureas, which are characterized by their ability to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-independent manner. This means that chlorpropamide can cause insulin release even when blood glucose levels are normal or low. Therefore, caution should be exercised to prevent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when using chlorpropamide, especially in elderly patients or those with impaired renal or hepatic function.

  4. Side Effects: Common side effects of chlorpropamide may include hypoglycemia, weight gain, gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation), skin reactions (such as rash or itching), and photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight). Hypoglycemia is the most common adverse effect of sulfonylurea medications and can occur if the dose of chlorpropamide is too high or if there is inadequate carbohydrate intake. Symptoms of hypoglycemia may include sweating, tremors, palpitations, confusion, and loss of consciousness. It is important for individuals taking chlorpropamide to monitor their blood glucose levels regularly and be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.

  5. Contraindications: Chlorpropamide is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the medication or any of its components, as well as those with type 1 diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, or severe renal impairment. It should be used with caution in elderly patients, those with hepatic impairment, or individuals at increased risk of hypoglycemia. Chlorpropamide may interact with other medications, including alcohol, anticoagulants, beta-blockers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), so it is important to inform the healthcare provider of all medications being taken.

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Data Contradictions — Limits of Certainity

Impacted of chlorpropamide,(prescription) On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact
species Anaerobutyricum hallii Reduces
species Christensenella minuta Reduces
species Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Reduces

Bacteria Impacted by chlorpropamide,(prescription)

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

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📓 Direct Citations 👪👶 Indirect Citations Taxonomy Rank Effect
0 1 Lacticaseibacillus genus Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus genus Decreases
0 1 Bacteroides genus Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus genus Decreases
0 1 Fusobacterium genus Decreases
0 1 Lachnospira genus Decreases
0 1 Agathobacter genus Decreases
1 0 Lacticaseibacillus paracasei species Decreases
1 0 Streptococcus salivarius species Decreases
1 0 Bacteroides xylanisolvens species Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. FDAARGOS_192 species Decreases
1 0 Coprococcus comes species Decreases
0 1 Bacteroides luhongzhouii species Decreases
1 0 Fusobacterium nucleatum species Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. LPB0220 species Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. HSISM1 species Decreases
0 1 Bacteroides sp. DH3716P species Decreases
0 1 Anaerobutyricum hallii species Decreases
1 0 Lachnospira eligens species Decreases
0 1 Bacteroides faecium species Decreases
0 1 Blautia sp. SC05B48 species Decreases
1 0 Streptococcus parasanguinis species Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus vestibularis species Decreases
0 1 Komagataeibacter oboediens species Decreases
0 1 Lachnoanaerobaculum gingivalis species Decreases
0 1 Bacteroides caecimuris species Decreases
0 1 Christensenella minuta species Decreases
0 1 Blautia liquoris species Decreases
1 0 Agathobacter rectalis species Decreases
0 1 Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei subspecies Decreases
0 1 Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans subspecies Decreases
0 1 Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum subspecies Decreases

Impact of chlorpropamide,(prescription) on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
ADHD 0.3 0.3 0
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) 0.3 0.3 0
Allergies 0.1 0.3 -2
Allergy to milk products 0.3 0.2 0.5
Alzheimer's disease 0.4 0.6 -0.5
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron 0.3 0.3
Ankylosing spondylitis 0.4 0.3 0.33
Anorexia Nervosa 0.2 0.4 -1
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) 0.2 0.2
Asthma 1 0.3 2.33
Atherosclerosis 0.3 0.3
Atrial fibrillation 0.6 0.2 2
Autism 0.6 0.8 -0.33
Autoimmune Disease 0.2 0.2
Barrett esophagus cancer 0.1 0.2 -1
benign prostatic hyperplasia 0.2 -0.2
Biofilm 0.5 0.5
Bipolar Disorder 0.2 0.1 1
Brain Trauma 0.2 0.2 0
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.2
Cancer (General) 0.1 0.6 -5
Carcinoma 0.6 0.2 2
Celiac Disease 0.3 0.2 0.5
Cerebral Palsy 0.3 0.2 0.5
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 0.9 0.9 0
Chronic Kidney Disease 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Chronic Lyme 0.2 -0.2
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1.2 0.4 2
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) 0.2 0.2
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria 0.2 0.2 0
Cognitive Function 0.3 0.2 0.5
Colorectal Cancer 1.3 0.2 5.5
Constipation 0.2 0.2
Coronary artery disease 0.3 0.5 -0.67
COVID-19 0.4 1.4 -2.5
Crohn's Disease 0.7 0.8 -0.14
Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) 0.2 -0.2
cystic fibrosis 0.2 -0.2
deep vein thrombosis 0.3 0.3 0
Denture Wearers Oral Shifts 0.9 0.9
Depression 1.3 1.5 -0.15
Dermatomyositis 0.2 0.2
Eczema 0.3 0.7 -1.33
Endometriosis 0.5 0.2 1.5
Eosinophilic Esophagitis 0.1 0.2 -1
Epilepsy 0.5 0.2 1.5
erectile dysfunction 0.3 0.3
Fibromyalgia 0.4 -0.4
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation 0.5 0.3 0.67
gallstone disease (gsd) 0.1 -0.1
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus 0.3 0.4 -0.33
Generalized anxiety disorder 0.6 0.5 0.2
Glioblastoma 0.2 -0.2
Gout 0.7 0.1 6
Graves' disease 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Gulf War Syndrome 0.3 0.3
Halitosis 0.6 0.2 2
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 0.4 0.2 1
Heart Failure 0.8 0.1 7
hemorrhagic stroke 0.1 0.1
Hidradenitis Suppurativa 0.5 0.5
hyperglycemia 0.5 0.2 1.5
hypertension (High Blood Pressure 0.4 0.6 -0.5
Hypothyroidism 0.1 -0.1
Hypoxia 0.2 0.2
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 0.4 0.1 3
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 1.1 0.8 0.38
Insomnia 1.1 0.5 1.2
Intelligence 0.3 0.3
Intracranial aneurysms 0.3 0.1 2
Irritable Bowel Syndrome 0.5 0.5 0
ischemic stroke 0.3 0.2 0.5
Liver Cirrhosis 1.1 0.6 0.83
Long COVID 0.9 0.7 0.29
Low bone mineral density 0.2 -0.2
Lung Cancer 0.1 -0.1
Mast Cell Issues / mastitis 0.3 0.1 2
ME/CFS with IBS 0.2 0.6 -2
ME/CFS without IBS 0.2 0.2 0
membranous nephropathy 0.2 0.2
Menopause 0.2 0.2
Metabolic Syndrome 0.6 0.7 -0.17
Mood Disorders 1.6 1.5 0.07
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] 0.7 0.7
Multiple Sclerosis 0.9 0.7 0.29
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) 0.1 0.1
myasthenia gravis 0.2 0.2
neuropathic pain 0.2 -0.2
Neuropathy (all types) 0.2 0.2
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) 0.2 0.2
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic 0.5 0.4 0.25
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity 0.2 0.2 0
Obesity 0.6 2.1 -2.5
obsessive-compulsive disorder 0.4 0.5 -0.25
Osteoarthritis 0.5 0.3 0.67
Osteoporosis 0.2 0.3 -0.5
pancreatic cancer 0.3 0.2 0.5
Parkinson's Disease 1.1 0.7 0.57
Polycystic ovary syndrome 0.6 0.3 1
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome 0.1 -0.1
primary biliary cholangitis 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Primary sclerosing cholangitis 0.6 0.1 5
Psoriasis 0.2 0.4 -1
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) 0.7 0.4 0.75
Schizophrenia 0.9 0.4 1.25
scoliosis 0.1 0.1 0
sensorineural hearing loss 0.1 0.1
Sjögren syndrome 0.2 0.2 0
Sleep Apnea 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis 0.2 0.2
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) 0.6 0.6
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder 0.3 0.3 0
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 0.6 0.1 5
Tic Disorder 0.2 0.2
Tourette syndrome 0.2 0.2 0
Type 1 Diabetes 0.5 0.5 0
Type 2 Diabetes 0.6 1 -0.67
Ulcerative colitis 1.1 0.3 2.67
Unhealthy Ageing 0.7 0.2 2.5
Vitiligo 0.4 0.3 0.33

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