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Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Tolazamide is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion. It helps lower blood glucose levels by increasing insulin release from the pancreas and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
Lowering Blood Glucose Levels: Tolazamide helps to lower blood glucose levels by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, leading to a decrease in blood sugar levels. This effect helps to control hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Improving Glycemic Control: By enhancing insulin secretion and reducing insulin resistance, tolazamide helps to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. It helps to stabilize blood glucose levels throughout the day, reducing the risk of hyperglycemia and its associated complications.
Reducing Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Levels: Tolazamide therapy has been shown to reduce levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), which is a marker of long-term blood glucose control. Lowering HbA1c levels is important for preventing diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy.
Promoting Insulin Sensitivity: In addition to stimulating insulin secretion, tolazamide may also improve insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, such as muscle and fat cells. This action helps enhance the body's response to insulin, allowing glucose to enter cells more efficiently.
Dosing and Administration: Tolazamide is typically taken orally as tablets, usually once or twice daily with meals. The dosage is individualized based on factors such as the patient's blood glucose levels, response to treatment, and renal function. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions provided by a healthcare professional.
Side Effects: Common side effects of tolazamide may include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), weight gain, and skin reactions. Severe hypoglycemia can occur, particularly if the dose is too high or if the patient's diet is inadequate.
Monitoring: Patients taking tolazamide require regular monitoring of blood glucose levels to assess the effectiveness of treatment and detect any signs of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Periodic monitoring of liver and kidney function may also be recommended.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacrimispora | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Segatella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacrimispora saccharolytica | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides distasonis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Segatella copri | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acne | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| ADHD | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Allergies | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.3 | 0.7 | -1.33 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Asthma | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Autism | 0.9 | 1.1 | -0.22 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Brain Trauma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Carcinoma | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Cognitive Function | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Constipation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| COVID-19 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Crohn's Disease | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| Depression | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Eczema | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Endometriosis | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Epilepsy | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Gout | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Graves' disease | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Halitosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Heart Failure | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Hypoxia | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.14 |
| Insomnia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Intelligence | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| ischemic stroke | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Long COVID | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Mood Disorders | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 0.4 | 1.1 | -1.75 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Obesity | 1 | 0.9 | 0.11 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 1 | 0.3 | 2.33 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
| Psoriasis | 0.1 | 1 | -9 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Schizophrenia | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.67 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Vitiligo | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
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