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🍽️ 2-Aminopentanedioic acid {glutamate}

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  1. Neurological Disorders: Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and plays a crucial role in neuronal communication. However, excessive glutamate signaling can lead to excitotoxicity, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and stroke. Excitotoxicity occurs when excessive glutamate stimulates receptors on neurons, leading to neuronal damage and cell death.

  2. Migraine: Glutamate has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine headaches. Excessive release of glutamate and abnormal glutamate receptor activation may contribute to the initiation and propagation of migraine attacks. Medications that target glutamate receptors or modulate glutamate levels may be used in the treatment of migraines.

  3. Neuropathic Pain: Glutamate signaling plays a role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain, which is caused by damage or dysfunction of the nervous system. Aberrant glutamate release and activation of glutamate receptors in the spinal cord and brain contribute to the hypersensitivity to pain experienced in neuropathic conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and neuropathic pain following nerve injury.

  4. Epilepsy: Glutamate-mediated excitatory neurotransmission is involved in the generation and propagation of epileptic seizures. Abnormalities in glutamate signaling, such as excessive glutamate release or impaired glutamate reuptake, can lead to hyperexcitability of neurons and seizure activity. Antiepileptic drugs that target glutamate receptors or modulate glutamate release are used in the treatment of epilepsy.

  5. Neurodegenerative Diseases: Dysregulation of glutamate homeostasis and excitotoxicity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. Excessive glutamate signaling contributes to neuronal damage and cell death in these conditions. Therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing glutamate excitotoxicity are being investigated as potential treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.

  6. Psychiatric Disorders: Glutamate dysregulation has been implicated in various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety disorders. Abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission and glutamate receptor function may contribute to the pathophysiology of these conditions. Medications that modulate glutamate signaling are being explored as potential treatments for psychiatric disorders.

  7. Metabolic Disorders: Glutamate also plays a role in energy metabolism and is involved in the synthesis of glutathione, a potent antioxidant. Dysregulation of glutamate metabolism has been implicated in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Alterations in glutamate signaling may affect energy balance, insulin sensitivity, and oxidative stress in metabolic tissues.

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Data Contradictions — Limits of Certainity

Impacted of 2-Aminopentanedioic acid {glutamate} On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact
genus Bifidobacterium Increases
species Akkermansia muciniphila Reduces
species Bifidobacterium adolescentis Increases
species Bifidobacterium animalis Increases
species Bifidobacterium bifidum Increases
species Bifidobacterium breve Increases
species Bifidobacterium catenulatum Increases
species Bifidobacterium longum Increases
species Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Increases
species Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Increases
species Lactobacillus acidophilus Increases
species Lactobacillus crispatus Increases
species Lactobacillus gasseri Increases
species Lactobacillus helveticus Increases
species Lactobacillus jensenii Increases
species Lactobacillus johnsonii Increases
species Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens Increases
species Lactococcus cremoris Increases
species Lactococcus lactis Increases

Bacteria Impacted by 2-Aminopentanedioic acid {glutamate}

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

🧙?

📓 Direct Citations 👪👶 Indirect Citations Taxonomy Rank Effect
0 1 Terrabacteria group clade Increases
0 1 Desulfuribacillia class Decreases
0 1 Dethiobacteria class Decreases
0 1 Limnochordia class Decreases
0 1 Thermolithobacteria class Decreases
1 2 Clostridia class Decreases
0 1 Erysipelotrichia class Decreases
0 1 Tissierellia class Decreases
0 1 Negativicutes class Decreases
0 1 Thermoleophilia class Increases
0 1 Rubrobacteria class Increases
0 1 Acidimicrobiia class Increases
0 1 Coriobacteriia class Increases
0 2 Bacilli class Increases
0 1 Nitriliruptoria class Increases
0 1 Actinomycetes class Increases
0 1 Akkermansiaceae family Decreases
1 0 Acidaminococcaceae family Decreases
0 1 Lachnospiraceae family Decreases
0 1 Oscillospiraceae family Decreases
0 1 Symbiobacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Desulfallaceae family Decreases
0 1 Peptostreptococcaceae family Decreases
0 1 Acutalibacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Bianqueaceae family Decreases
0 1 Butyricicoccaceae family Decreases
0 1 Caldicoprobacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Defluviitaleaceae family Decreases
0 1 Desulfotomaculaceae family Decreases
0 1 Desulfurisporaceae family Decreases
0 1 Feifaniaceae family Decreases
0 1 Gracilibacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Proteinivoraceae family Decreases
0 1 Pumilibacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Thermincolaceae family Decreases
0 1 Yeguiaceae family Decreases
0 1 Eubacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Clostridiaceae family Decreases
0 1 Christensenellaceae family Decreases
0 1 Syntrophomonadaceae family Decreases
0 1 Maliibacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Vallitaleaceae family Decreases
0 1 Peptococcaceae family Decreases
0 1 Heliobacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Desulfitobacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Cellulosilyticaceae family Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Aerococcaceae family Increases
0 1 Carnobacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Enterococcaceae family Increases
0 3 Lactobacillaceae family Increases
0 2 Streptococcaceae family Increases
1 0 Prevotellaceae family Increases
0 1 Phascolarctobacterium genus Decreases
1 0 Acidaminococcus genus Decreases
0 1 Succiniclasticum genus Decreases
0 1 Succinispira genus Decreases
1 0 Akkermansia genus Decreases
0 1 Pseudoprevotella genus Increases
0 1 Hoylesella genus Increases
2 0 Bifidobacterium genus Increases
0 1 Alloprevotella genus Increases
0 1 Brevibacterium genus Increases
0 1 Campylobacter genus Increases
0 1 Corynebacterium genus Increases
0 1 Hallella genus Increases
0 1 Marseilla genus Increases
0 1 Massiliprevotella genus Increases
0 1 Metaprevotella genus Increases
0 1 Prevotellamassilia genus Increases
0 1 Paraprevotella genus Increases
0 1 Prevotella genus Increases
0 1 Segatella genus Increases
0 1 Leyella genus Increases
1 0 Lactococcus genus Increases
2 0 Lactobacillus genus Increases
0 1 Bacillota incertae sedis no rank Decreases
0 1 Bacillota sensu stricto incertae sedis no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 Eubacteriales incertae sedis no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Acidaminococcaceae no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Acidaminococcus no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Bacillota no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Eubacteriales no rank Decreases
0 2 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 2 unclassified Bifidobacterium no rank Decreases
0 1 Clostridia incertae sedis no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 Lactobacillales incertae sedis no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Actinomycetota no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Clostridia no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Lactococcus no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Prevotellaceae no rank Increases
0 2 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 2 unclassified Lactobacillus no rank Increases
0 1 Acidaminococcales order Decreases
0 1 Thermosediminibacterales order Increases
0 1 Moorellales order Increases
0 1 Halanaerobiales order Increases
1 1 Eubacteriales order Increases
0 1 Thermoanaerobacterales order Increases
0 1 Bacteroidales order Increases
0 1 Caldicellulosiruptorales order Increases
0 1 Christensenellales order Increases
0 1 Koleobacterales order Increases
0 1 Lachnospirales order Increases
0 1 Monoglobales order Increases
0 1 Natranaerobiales order Increases
0 1 Peptostreptococcales order Increases
0 1 Saccharofermentanales order Increases
1 0 Lactobacillales order Increases
1 1 Bacillota phylum Decreases
1 0 Actinomycetota phylum Increases
0 1 Acidaminococcus intestini species Decreases
1 0 Akkermansia muciniphila species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus fermentans species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus massiliensis species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus sp. species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus sp. BV3L6 species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus sp. D21 species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus sp. HPA0509 species Decreases
0 1 Acidaminococcus timonensis species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium adolescentis species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium aesculapii species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium angulatum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium animalis species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium asteroides species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium avesanii species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium biavatii species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bifidum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bohemicum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bombi species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium boum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium breve species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium callitrichidarum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium callitrichos species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium catenulatum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium choerinum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium commune species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium coryneforme species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium cuniculi species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium dentium species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium eulemuris species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium faecale species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium gallicum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium imperatoris species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium indicum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium lemurum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium longum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium magnum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium merycicum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium minimum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium mongoliense species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium moukalabense species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium myosotis species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium porcinum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pseudolongum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium psychraerophilum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pullorum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium reuteri species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium ruminantium species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium saguini species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium scardovii species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium simiae species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium stellenboschense species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium subtile species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium thermophilum species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium tissieri species Decreases
0 2 Bifidobacterium tsurumiense species Decreases
0 2 Lactobacillus ultunensis species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus paracarnosus species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus carnosus species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus petauri species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus helveticus species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus piscium species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus johnsonii species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus taiwanensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus amylolyticus species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus garvieae species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus raffinolactis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus acetotolerans species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus formosensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus amylovorus species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus iners species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus taiwanensis species Increases
0 1 ATCC 15434 species Increases
0 1 Bifidobacterium stercoris species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus sp. MYMRS/TEN2 species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus allomyrinae species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus fujiensis species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus hircilactis species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus laudensis species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus plantarum species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus protaetiae species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus crispatus species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus intestinalis species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus cremoris species Increases
0 1 Lactococcus lactis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus acidophilus species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus paragasseri species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus jensenii species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus gasseri species Increases
0 2 [Lactobacillus] rogosae species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus alvei species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus animata species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus apis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus bombicola species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus brevisimilis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus equicursoris species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus faeni species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus fornicalis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus gallinarum species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus gigeriorum species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus guizhouensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus hamsteri species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus helsingborgensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus hominis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus intermedius species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus japonicus species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus kalixensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus kitasatonis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus kullabergensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus leichmannii species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus letivazi species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus mulieris species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus panisapium species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus pasteurii species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus psittaci species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus rodentium species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus selangorensis species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus terrae species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus delbrueckii species Increases
1 0 Brevibacterium avium species Increases
1 0 Campylobacter jejuni species Increases
1 0 Corynebacterium glutamicum species Increases
0 2 Lactobacillus casei group species group Increases
0 1 Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei subspecies Increases
0 1 Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni subspecies Increases

Impact of 2-Aminopentanedioic acid {glutamate} on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 0.4 -0.4
Acne 1.8 0.7 1.57
ADHD 3.9 2.8 0.39
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma 0.9 -0.9
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) 2.8 1.7 0.65
Allergies 3.5 5.1 -0.46
Allergy to milk products 3 1.3 1.31
Alopecia (Hair Loss) 0.6 1 -0.67
Alzheimer's disease 4.7 4.9 -0.04
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron 1.2 2.6 -1.17
Ankylosing spondylitis 2.4 2.4 0
Anorexia Nervosa 1 2.2 -1.2
Asthma 3.4 4 -0.18
Atherosclerosis 0.5 1.9 -2.8
Atrial fibrillation 0.7 2.3 -2.29
Autism 6 4.7 0.28
Autoimmune Disease 1 1 0
Barrett esophagus cancer 0.4 0.4
benign prostatic hyperplasia 0.7 -0.7
Biofilm
Bipolar Disorder 0.8 2.6 -2.25
Brain Trauma 3.1 0.1 30
Breast Cancer 0.6 0.3 1
Cancer (General) 1.1 0.4 1.75
Carcinoma 0.4 1.6 -3
Celiac Disease 2.6 2 0.3
Cerebral Palsy 0.6 0.4 0.5
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 1.8 2.5 -0.39
Chronic Kidney Disease 1.4 1.2 0.17
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1.4 3 -1.14
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) 0.4 2.3 -4.75
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria 0.9 0.3 2
Cognitive Function 2.2 1.7 0.29
Colorectal Cancer 5.2 4.6 0.13
Constipation 2.7 2.7
Coronary artery disease 1.9 1.6 0.19
COVID-19 4.1 7.3 -0.78
Crohn's Disease 3.1 6.8 -1.19
cystic fibrosis 0 1 0
d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) 1.5 -1.5
deep vein thrombosis 1.1 0.6 0.83
Denture Wearers Oral Shifts 0.6 0.3 1
Depression 7.9 9.3 -0.18
Dermatomyositis 0 0.6 0
Eczema 0.4 0.5 -0.25
Endometriosis 1.9 2.2 -0.16
Eosinophilic Esophagitis 0 0.8 0
Epilepsy 2.9 3 -0.03
erectile dysfunction 1.1 0.4 1.75
Fibromyalgia 1.2 1.2 0
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation 3.4 1.8 0.89
gallstone disease (gsd) 0.6 0.7 -0.17
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus 0.7 1.2 -0.71
Generalized anxiety disorder 3.2 1.6 1
giant cell arteritis 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Glioblastoma 0.6 1.4 -1.33
Gout 1.2 2.2 -0.83
Graves' disease 0.9 4.9 -4.44
Gulf War Syndrome 0.2 1.8 -8
Halitosis 0.3 1 -2.33
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 2.6 1.4 0.86
Heart Failure 2.3 3.1 -0.35
hemorrhagic stroke 1.6 0.1 15
Hemorrhoidal disease, Hemorrhoids, Piles 0.3 0.5 -0.67
Hidradenitis Suppurativa 0.8 -0.8
High Histamine/low DAO 0.6 0.6 0
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) 0.9 -0.9
hyperglycemia 2 1 1
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) 1.2 1.3 -0.08
hypersomnia 0.8 1.1 -0.38
hypertension (High Blood Pressure 3.3 4.3 -0.3
Hypothyroidism 1.6 1.8 -0.13
Hypoxia 1.8 1.1 0.64
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 1.7 1.9 -0.12
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 3.3 5.1 -0.55
Insomnia 1.8 4.4 -1.44
Intelligence 1.8 1.8
Intracranial aneurysms 1.1 0.6 0.83
Irritable Bowel Syndrome 5.2 5.3 -0.02
ischemic stroke 2.6 2.6 0
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 0.7 -0.7
Liver Cirrhosis 4.4 5.3 -0.2
Long COVID 4.4 8.2 -0.86
Low bone mineral density 2 -2
Lung Cancer 0 1.4 0
Lymphoma 0.5 -0.5
Mast Cell Issues / mastitis 2 0.5 3
ME/CFS with IBS 0 0
ME/CFS without IBS 0.3 0.3
membranous nephropathy 0.6 -0.6
Menopause 0.7 0.6 0.17
Metabolic Syndrome 4 7.5 -0.88
Mood Disorders 8 9.3 -0.16
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] 0.3 0.6 -1
Multiple Sclerosis 4 3.2 0.25
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) 1.3 1.1 0.18
myasthenia gravis 0.5 0.8 -0.6
neuropathic pain 0.6 0.7 -0.17
Neuropathy (all types) 1.7 1.1 0.55
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) 0.1 0.6 -5
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic 2.7 3.5 -0.3
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity 1.6 0.8 1
Obesity 4.9 6.7 -0.37
obsessive-compulsive disorder 1.4 1.6 -0.14
Osteoarthritis 1.3 1.3 0
Osteoporosis 1.8 1.8 0
pancreatic cancer 0.8 1 -0.25
Parkinson's Disease 7.2 4.4 0.64
Peanut Allergy 0.5 -0.5
Polycystic ovary syndrome 2.4 5.2 -1.17
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome 0 0
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 0 0
primary biliary cholangitis 1.4 3.2 -1.29
Primary sclerosing cholangitis 0 2.5 0
Psoriasis 1.8 2.8 -0.56
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) 5.1 5.7 -0.12
Rosacea 1.9 1.8 0.06
Schizophrenia 4.9 5.7 -0.16
scoliosis 1.2 1.2
sensorineural hearing loss 0.5 -0.5
Sjögren syndrome 1.7 1.1 0.55
Sleep Apnea 3.1 1.1 1.82
Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis 1 0.4 1.5
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) 0.6 1.1 -0.83
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder 2 2.6 -0.3
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 3.6 3.4 0.06
Tic Disorder 1.4 0.4 2.5
Tourette syndrome 0.8 0.7 0.14
Type 1 Diabetes 2.6 2.7 -0.04
Type 2 Diabetes 4.2 6.4 -0.52
Ulcerative colitis 3.6 6.9 -0.92
Unhealthy Ageing 1.1 1.4 -0.27
Vitiligo 1.1 0.6 0.83

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