🍽️ d-galactose {milk sugar}

Galactosemia: Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the deficiency of an enzyme called galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT), which is needed to metabolize galactose. As a result, galactose and its metabolites accumulate in the body, leading to various health problems such as liver damage, cataracts, intellectual disability, and kidney problems. Infants with galactosemia must avoid breastfeeding and formula containing galactose to prevent complications.

Galactose Intolerance: Some individuals may experience symptoms of intolerance to galactose, similar to lactose intolerance. This intolerance can result from deficiencies in enzymes needed to digest galactose, such as galactokinase or UDP-glucose 4-epimerase. Symptoms may include bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea after consuming galactose-containing foods.

Inborn Errors of Galactose Metabolism: In addition to galactosemia, there are other rare inborn errors of galactose metabolism, including deficiencies of enzymes like galactokinase and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase. These conditions can lead to the accumulation of galactose or its metabolites and result in various health problems, including cataracts and intellectual disability.

Diagnosis of Liver and Kidney Function: Contrast agents containing galactose derivatives, such as Echovist-200 and Levovist, have been used in medical imaging procedures like ultrasound to assess liver and kidney function. These agents help enhance the visibility of certain structures during imaging examinations.