🍽️ Chlorine Dioxide Solution {CDS}

Acute Toxicity: Chlorine dioxide is a highly reactive oxidizing agent that can cause irritation and damage to mucous membranes, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract upon ingestion or inhalation. Ingestion of chlorine dioxide solution (CDS) can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, ingestion of concentrated chlorine dioxide solution can result in chemical burns, tissue damage, and life-threatening complications such as respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse.

Oxidative Stress: Chlorine dioxide exerts its antimicrobial effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and DNA. Prolonged exposure to chlorine dioxide solution (CDS) or its byproducts may induce oxidative stress and inflammation, which can contribute to tissue damage, organ dysfunction, and the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.

Methemoglobinemia: Chlorine dioxide can oxidize hemoglobin in red blood cells, converting it to methemoglobin, a non-functional form of hemoglobin that is unable to transport oxygen effectively. Methemoglobinemia can lead to symptoms such as cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin), shortness of breath, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue. Severe methemoglobinemia can result in hypoxia (low oxygen levels in the blood) and organ failure if left untreated.

Gastrointestinal Irritation: Ingestion of chlorine dioxide solution (CDS) can cause irritation and corrosion of the gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Chronic exposure to chlorine dioxide solution may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding, and perforation, which can be life-threatening if not promptly treated.

Respiratory Effects: Inhalation of chlorine dioxide gas or aerosols can irritate the respiratory tract and cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Prolonged exposure to chlorine dioxide vapors or airborne particles may exacerbate respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and increase the risk of respiratory infections and inflammation.

Systemic Toxicity: Absorption of chlorine dioxide into the bloodstream can lead to systemic toxicity and affect multiple organ systems, including the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, and cardiovascular system. Symptoms of systemic toxicity may include headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures, renal failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. Severe cases of chlorine dioxide poisoning can be fatal if not promptly recognized and treated with supportive care and antidotes.