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🍽️ ß-2,6-polyfructose {Levan}

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  1. Prebiotic Effects: Levan has been studied for its potential prebiotic properties. As a fermentable fiber, it can serve as a substrate for beneficial bacteria in the gut, promoting their growth and activity. By stimulating the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, levan may help improve gut health and support the balance of the gut microbiota. A healthy gut microbiota is associated with various health benefits, including improved digestion, immune function, and overall well-being.

  2. Blood Sugar Regulation: Some research suggests that certain types of dietary fibers, including levan, may have beneficial effects on blood sugar levels. By slowing down the absorption of glucose from the digestive tract into the bloodstream, fibers like levan can help regulate blood sugar levels and prevent rapid spikes and crashes in blood glucose. This effect may be particularly beneficial for individuals with diabetes or those at risk of developing diabetes.

  3. Digestive Health: Like other dietary fibers, levan can add bulk to stool and promote bowel regularity. By increasing fecal bulk and softening stool, levan may help prevent constipation and promote overall digestive health. Additionally, the fermentation of levan by gut bacteria produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which provide energy for colon cells and help maintain a healthy gut environment.

  4. Weight Management: Dietary fibers like levan can contribute to feelings of fullness and satiety when consumed as part of a meal or snack. By increasing the bulk of food in the digestive tract and delaying gastric emptying, levan may help reduce hunger and calorie intake, which could support weight management efforts.

  5. Immune Function: While direct evidence is limited, some research suggests that certain dietary fibers, including levan, may have immunomodulatory effects. By influencing the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, dietary fibers can indirectly impact immune function. A healthy gut microbiota is essential for maintaining a balanced immune response and protecting against infections and inflammatory conditions.

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Data Contradictions — Limits of Certainity

Impacted of ß-2,6-polyfructose {Levan} On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact
species Bacteroides uniformis Increases
species Escherichia coli Increases
species Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Increases
species Lactobacillus acidophilus Increases
species Lactobacillus crispatus Increases
species Lactobacillus gasseri Increases
species Lactobacillus helveticus Increases
species Lactobacillus jensenii Increases
species Lactobacillus johnsonii Increases
species Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens Increases
species Paenibacillus polymyxa Increases
species Streptococcus thermophilus Increases

Bacteria Impacted by ß-2,6-polyfructose {Levan}

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

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📓 Direct Citations 👪👶 Indirect Citations Taxonomy Rank Effect
0 1 Morganellaceae family Decreases
0 2 Enterobacteriaceae family Decreases
0 1 Erysipelotrichaceae family Increases
0 1 Streptococcaceae family Increases
0 1 Lactobacillaceae family Increases
0 1 Oscillospiraceae family Increases
0 1 Bacteroidaceae family Increases
1 0 Muribaculaceae family Increases
1 0 Proteus genus Decreases
1 0 Shigella genus Decreases
2 0 Escherichia genus Increases
0 1 Muribaculum genus Increases
0 1 Sodaliphilus genus Increases
0 1 Candidatus Amulumruptor genus Increases
0 1 Candidatus Homeothermus genus Increases
0 1 Paenibacillus genus Increases
0 1 Paramuribaculum genus Increases
0 1 Duncaniella genus Increases
1 0 Bacteroides genus Increases
1 0 Faecalibacterium genus Increases
1 0 Faecalibaculum genus Increases
1 0 Lactobacillus genus Increases
1 0 Streptococcus genus Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Proteus (in: enterobacteria) no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Shigella no rank Decreases
0 2 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 2 unclassified Escherichia no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Bacteroides no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Faecalibacterium no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Lactobacillus no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Muribaculaceae no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Streptococcus no rank Increases
0 1 Bacteroidales order Increases
0 1 Bacteroides bouchesdurhonensis QSV445 Increases
0 1 Proteus mirabilis species Decreases
0 1 Shigella flexneri species Decreases
0 1 Shigella dysenteriae species Decreases
0 1 Shigella boydii species Decreases
0 1 Shigella sonnei species Decreases
0 1 Proteus genomosp. 6 species Decreases
0 1 Proteus hauseri species Decreases
0 1 Proteus myxofaciens species Decreases
0 1 Proteus vulgaris species Decreases
0 1 Proteus terrae species Decreases
0 1 Proteus columbae species Decreases
0 1 Proteus penneri species Decreases
0 2 Escherichia albertii species Decreases
0 2 Escherichia coli species Decreases
0 2 Escherichia fergusonii species Decreases
0 2 Escherichia marmotae species Decreases
0 2 Escherichia ruysiae species Decreases
0 1 Lactobacillus ultunensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ferus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides zoogleoformans species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sobrinus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus iniae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides coprosuis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides heparinolyticus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pyogenes species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ruminantium species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus parasuis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus canis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus infantarius species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus urinalis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus suis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus alactolyticus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus equinus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides zhangwenhongii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus agalactiae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus acidominimus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides nordii species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides stercoris species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus porcinus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus helveticus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pasteurianus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides cellulosilyticus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus lutetiensis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides intestinalis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides caccae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pluranimalium species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus johnsonii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pseudoporcinus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus himalayensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus gallolyticus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus amylolyticus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus uberis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus macedonicus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus parauberis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides eggerthii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus cristatus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus periodonticum species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ruminicola species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus milleri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus mutans species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides helcogenes species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides faecis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus acetotolerans species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus amylovorus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus iners species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides salyersiae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus merionis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus taiwanensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus toyakuensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus rubneri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus koreensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus crispatus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides faecium species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides humanifaecis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ratti species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides caecimuris species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus intestinalis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sanguinis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ilei species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides xylanisolvens species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus gwangjuense species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus oriscaviae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus infantis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus troglodytae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides fragilis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides luhongzhouii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus gordonii species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides uniformis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus mitis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus acidophilus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides ovatus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus paragasseri species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus jensenii species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus gasseri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus vestibularis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus oralis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus lactarius species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus australis species Increases
0 1 [Lactobacillus] rogosae species Increases
0 1 ATCC 15434 species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides acidifaciens species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides caecigallinarum species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides clarus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides congonensis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides cutis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides denticanum species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides difficilis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides faecalis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides faecichinchillae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides finegoldii species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides fluxus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides galacturonicus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides gallinaceum species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides gallinarum species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides graminisolvens species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides ihuae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides ilei species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides koreensis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides kribbi species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides luti species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides mediterraneensis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides muris (ex Fokt et al. 2023) species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides ndongoniae species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides oleiciplenus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides parvus species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides propionicifaciens species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides propionicigenes species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides pyogenes species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides reticulotermitis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides rhinocerotis species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides rodentium species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides stercorirosoris species Increases
0 1 Bacteroides timonensis species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Bacteroides intestinigallinarum species Increases
0 1 Faecalibacterium hattorii species Increases
0 1 Faecalibacterium hominis (ex Afrizal et al. 2022) species Increases
0 1 Faecalibacterium longum species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus alvei species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus animata species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus apis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus bombicola species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus brevisimilis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus equicursoris species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus faeni species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus fornicalis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus gallinarum species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus gigeriorum species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus guizhouensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus hamsteri species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus helsingborgensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus hominis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus intermedius species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus japonicus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus kalixensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus kitasatonis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus kullabergensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus leichmannii species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus letivazi species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus mulieris species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus panisapium species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus pasteurii species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus psittaci species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus rodentium species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus selangorensis species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus sp. 7_1_47FAA species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus sp. MYMRS/TEN2 species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus terrae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus azizii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus caballi species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus castoreus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus chenjunshii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus chosunense species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus criceti species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus cuniculipharyngis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus danieliae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus dentapri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus dentasini species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus dentirousetti species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus devriesei species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus didelphis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus downei species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus entericus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus fryi species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus gallinaceus species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus halichoeri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus halotolerans species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus henryi species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus hongkongensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus hyointestinalis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus hyovaginalis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ictaluri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus macacae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus marimammalium species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus marmotae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus massiliensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus minor species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus orisasini species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus orisratti species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus orisuis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus ovis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus panodentis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pantholopis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pasteuri species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus peroris species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus phocae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus plurextorum species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus porci species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus porcorum species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus respiraculi species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus rupicaprae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus seminale species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus shenyangsis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sinensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus symci species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus thoraltensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus timonensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus troglodytidis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus vaginalis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus viridans species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus vulneris species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus xiaochunlingii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus thermophilus species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus delbrueckii species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus parasanguinis species Increases
0 1 Faecalibacterium duncaniae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus salivarius species Increases
0 1 Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species Increases
0 1 Faecalibaculum rodentium species Increases
1 0 Paenibacillus polymyxa species Increases
0 1 Lactobacillus casei group species group Increases
0 1 Streptococcus anginosus group species group Increases
0 1 Streptococcus dysgalactiae group species group Increases
0 1 Paenibacillus polymyxa CR1 strain Increases

Impact of ß-2,6-polyfructose {Levan} on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 0.2 -0.2
Acne 0.8 0.9 -0.13
ADHD 1.2 1 0.2
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma 0.2 0.2
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) 2.2 1.7 0.29
Allergies 4.1 2.5 0.64
Allergy to milk products 0.7 1.4 -1
Alopecia (Hair Loss) 0.1 -0.1
Alzheimer's disease 3.1 3.5 -0.13
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron 0.5 1.4 -1.8
Ankylosing spondylitis 1.9 1.6 0.19
Anorexia Nervosa 2.5 0.7 2.57
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) 1 -1
Asthma 3.1 4 -0.29
Atherosclerosis 1.6 2.5 -0.56
Atrial fibrillation 1.3 3 -1.31
Autism 4.6 4.9 -0.07
Autoimmune Disease 1.8 0.7 1.57
Barrett esophagus cancer 0.6 0.6
benign prostatic hyperplasia 1.9 0 0
Biofilm 0.5 1.4 -1.8
Bipolar Disorder 1.1 1.8 -0.64
Brain Trauma 3.1 0.6 4.17
Breast Cancer 0.5 -0.5
Cancer (General) 0.9 0.9
Carcinoma 0.6 1.3 -1.17
Celiac Disease 1.9 2.3 -0.21
Cerebral Palsy 1.2 1.2 0
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 2.9 2.2 0.32
Chronic Kidney Disease 1.8 0.8 1.25
Chronic Lyme 0.6 0.6
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 0.8 2.7 -2.38
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) 1.3 0.6 1.17
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria 1.2 0.9 0.33
Cognitive Function 2 2.2 -0.1
Colorectal Cancer 3.1 4.5 -0.45
Constipation 1.1 1.2 -0.09
Coronary artery disease 3 0.6 4
COVID-19 5.7 4.5 0.27
Crohn's Disease 4.3 3.9 0.1
Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) 0.6 0 0
cystic fibrosis 1.4 0 0
d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) 1.2 -1.2
deep vein thrombosis 2.3 0.3 6.67
Denture Wearers Oral Shifts 0.6 1.5 -1.5
Depression 5.2 6.5 -0.25
Dermatomyositis 0.6 -0.6
Eczema 1.9 2.4 -0.26
Endometriosis 1.7 3 -0.76
Eosinophilic Esophagitis 0.6 0.6
Epilepsy 2.3 2.8 -0.22
erectile dysfunction 0.8 0.7 0.14
Fibromyalgia 2.5 0.6 3.17
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation 2.5 2.9 -0.16
gallstone disease (gsd) 1.7 1 0.7
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus 0.8 1 -0.25
Generalized anxiety disorder 2.6 1.5 0.73
giant cell arteritis 0.3 -0.3
Glioblastoma 1.4 1.4
Gout 2.5 -2.5
Graves' disease 2.6 1.5 0.73
Gulf War Syndrome 0.4 0.9 -1.25
Halitosis 0.6 1.2 -1
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 2.5 0.8 2.13
Heart Failure 2.2 2.6 -0.18
Hidradenitis Suppurativa 0.5 1.3 -1.6
High Histamine/low DAO 1.9 0.6 2.17
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) 0.6 0.6
hyperglycemia 2.2 1.6 0.38
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) 1.4 0.6 1.33
hypersomnia 0 0
hypertension (High Blood Pressure 4.3 2.5 0.72
Hypothyroidism 1.3 0.2 5.5
Hypoxia 1.1 1.5 -0.36
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 1.5 1.3 0.15
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 5.9 3.9 0.51
Insomnia 2.7 3 -0.11
Intelligence 0.5 1.3 -1.6
Intracranial aneurysms 1.2 1.1 0.09
Irritable Bowel Syndrome 4.4 3.5 0.26
ischemic stroke 1.8 2.6 -0.44
Liver Cirrhosis 2.6 3 -0.15
Long COVID 4.4 3.2 0.38
Low bone mineral density 0.2 0.2
Lung Cancer 1.3 0.1 12
Lymphoma 0.5 0 0
Mast Cell Issues / mastitis 0.8 0.6 0.33
ME/CFS with IBS 1.7 0.6 1.83
ME/CFS without IBS 0.6 0.6 0
membranous nephropathy 0.6 -0.6
Menopause 1.3 0.8 0.63
Metabolic Syndrome 4.4 3 0.47
Mood Disorders 4.7 6.9 -0.47
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] 0.6 1.9 -2.17
Multiple Sclerosis 4.1 2.5 0.64
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) 0.9 -0.9
myasthenia gravis 1.1 1.3 -0.18
neuropathic pain 1.7 1.7
Neuropathy (all types) 1.2 1.2 0
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) 0.6 0.9 -0.5
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic 4.1 3.5 0.17
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity 1.8 0.8 1.25
Obesity 6.7 4.1 0.63
obsessive-compulsive disorder 2.4 2.5 -0.04
Osteoarthritis 2.3 1.5 0.53
Osteoporosis 3.5 1.9 0.84
pancreatic cancer 0.6 0.9 -0.5
Parkinson's Disease 5.6 4.2 0.33
Peanut Allergy 0.6 -0.6
Polycystic ovary syndrome 4 3 0.33
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
primary biliary cholangitis 1.6 1.8 -0.13
Primary sclerosing cholangitis 1.6 2.1 -0.31
Psoriasis 0.6 2.3 -2.83
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) 5.2 4 0.3
Rosacea 1.1 1.1
Schizophrenia 2 3.2 -0.6
scoliosis 0.5 0.2 1.5
sensorineural hearing loss 0.5 0.2 1.5
Sjögren syndrome 2.4 2 0.2
Sleep Apnea 1.7 0.5 2.4
Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis 0.6 0.6 0
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) 0.5 2 -3
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder 2.3 1.2 0.92
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 1.9 2.3 -0.21
Tic Disorder 0 1.4 0
Tourette syndrome 1.4 0.6 1.33
Type 1 Diabetes 3.4 2.9 0.17
Type 2 Diabetes 4.3 3.3 0.3
Ulcerative colitis 4.9 4.4 0.11
Unhealthy Ageing 1.3 2 -0.54
Vitiligo 0.6 1.4 -1.33

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