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Muscle Spasticity: Baclofen (R,S) is a muscle relaxant that acts on the central nervous system to reduce muscle spasms, stiffness, and involuntary muscle contractions. It is commonly prescribed to manage spasticity resulting from conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, and certain neurological disorders.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Baclofen (R,S) can help alleviate muscle stiffness, cramping, and spasticity, which are common symptoms experienced by individuals with multiple sclerosis. By reducing muscle tone, it may improve mobility and overall quality of life for MS patients.
Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI): People who have sustained spinal cord injuries may experience muscle spasms and spasticity, which can significantly impact their functional abilities. Baclofen (R,S) is often used to manage these symptoms and promote better motor function in individuals with SCI.
Cerebral Palsy: Children and adults with cerebral palsy, a neurological disorder characterized by impaired movement and muscle coordination, may benefit from baclofen (R,S) therapy to reduce muscle spasticity and improve motor control.
Other Neurological Disorders: Baclofen (R,S) may also be prescribed for other neurological conditions associated with muscle spasticity, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and dystonia.
Administration: Baclofen (R,S) is typically administered orally in the form of tablets or oral solutions. In cases of severe spasticity that do not respond adequately to oral therapy, intrathecal baclofen therapy may be considered. This involves the delivery of baclofen directly into the spinal cord fluid via a surgically implanted pump.
Side Effects: Common side effects of baclofen (R,S) may include drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, headache, nausea, constipation, and dry mouth. These side effects are usually mild and transient but may require dose adjustments or discontinuation of treatment in some cases.
Withdrawal Symptoms: Abrupt discontinuation of baclofen (R,S) after long-term use may lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as rebound spasticity, hallucinations, seizures, confusion, and agitation. Therefore, it is important to gradually taper the dosage under medical supervision when discontinuing baclofen therapy.
Monitoring: Patients receiving baclofen (R,S) therapy should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers to assess treatment response, adjust dosage as needed, and manage any adverse effects or complications associated with long-term use.
Contraindications: Baclofen (R,S) is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug, severe kidney impairment, and certain psychiatric conditions. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of substance abuse, respiratory depression, or liver disease.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bilophila | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lachnospira | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Streptococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus salivarius | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lachnospira eligens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Coprococcus comes | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bilophila wadsworthia | species | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| ADHD | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Allergies | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Asthma | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Autism | 0.9 | 1.6 | -0.78 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Biofilm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.9 | 1 | -0.11 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.33 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Cognitive Function | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Constipation | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| COVID-19 | 0.6 | 1.9 | -2.17 |
| Crohn's Disease | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Depression | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.25 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Eczema | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Endometriosis | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Epilepsy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Graves' disease | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Halitosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Heart Failure | 1 | 0.6 | 0.67 |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hypersomnia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.9 | 1.3 | -0.44 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.9 | 1.5 | -0.67 |
| Insomnia | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.67 |
| Intelligence | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| ischemic stroke | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| Long COVID | 0.6 | 1.6 | -1.67 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Lymphoma | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0 |
| Mood Disorders | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.25 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Obesity | 1.5 | 1.8 | -0.2 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Psoriasis | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 1.7 | 0.3 | 4.67 |
| Rosacea | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Schizophrenia | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.67 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 0.7 | -1.33 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.33 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.33 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Vitiligo | 0.9 | 0.1 | 8 |
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