AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Depression: Sertraline is approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a key role in mood regulation. By restoring serotonin balance, sertraline can alleviate symptoms of depression, including persistent sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and difficulty concentrating.
Anxiety Disorders: Sertraline is effective in the treatment of various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder (SAD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It helps reduce anxiety symptoms such as excessive worry, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, muscle tension, and insomnia.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Sertraline is one of the first-line treatments for OCD. It helps reduce the frequency and intensity of obsessions and compulsions, which are intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors that interfere with daily functioning and cause distress.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Sertraline is FDA-approved for the treatment of PTSD. It can help alleviate symptoms such as intrusive memories, flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, negative mood, and difficulty sleeping.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): Sertraline is also used off-label for the treatment of PMDD, a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, and other symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Other Conditions: Sertraline may also be used off-label to treat conditions such as eating disorders, including binge-eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Additionally, it may be prescribed for other psychiatric conditions, such as bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and chronic pain syndromes.
Side Effects: While sertraline can be effective in treating various mental health conditions, it may also cause side effects, including nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, dizziness, dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, weight changes, and agitation. In some cases, it may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Interactions: Sertraline may interact with other medications, including other antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), blood thinners, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and certain herbal supplements. It's essential to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting sertraline.
Withdrawal Symptoms: Abrupt discontinuation of sertraline may lead to withdrawal symptoms, including flu-like symptoms, dizziness, nausea, headache, fatigue, irritability, and electric shock sensations (paresthesia). It's important to taper off the medication gradually under medical supervision to minimize withdrawal effects.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| genus | Saccharomyces | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
| species | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansiaceae | family | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Cryptococcaceae | family | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Dorea | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Roseburia | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Brucella | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Cryptococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Agathobacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bilophila | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridioides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Collinsella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Eggerthella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Fusobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lachnospira | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacrimispora | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Mediterraneibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Odoribacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Phocaeicola | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Saccharomyces | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Streptococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Veillonella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Segatella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Enterocloster | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Blautia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella/Ochrobactrum group | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens A | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens C | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens CPE | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | environmental samples | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | unclassified Akkermansia | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | unclassified Brucella | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | unclassified Cryptococcus (in: basidiomycete fungi) | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens D | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens B | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens E | no rank | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Agathobacter rectalis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia muciniphila | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium longum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Blautia obeum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridioides difficile | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Dorea formicigenerans | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lachnospira eligens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacrimispora saccharolytica | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Mediterraneibacter gnavus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Odoribacter splanchnicus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides distasonis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Roseburia hominis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Roseburia intestinalis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Segatella copri | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Veillonella parvula | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Collinsella aerofaciens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bilophila wadsworthia | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus salivarius | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Coprococcus comes | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Eggerthella lenta | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides uniformis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia massiliensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella abortus | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella canis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella ceti | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella inopinata | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella lupini | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella melitensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella microti | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella neotomae | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella ovis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella pecoris | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella pinnipedialis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella pituitosa | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella pseudintermedia | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella rhizosphaerae | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella suis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella thiophenivorans | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella tritici | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella vulpis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Candidatus Akkermansia intestinavium | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Ochrobactrum quorumnocens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Enterocloster bolteae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridium perfringens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides ovatus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus parasanguinis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | [Ruminococcus] torques | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Phocaeicola vulgatus | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella anthropi | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella intermedia | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Fusobacterium nucleatum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides caccae | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia glycaniphila | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Brucella pseudogrignonensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Cryptococcus neoformans species complex | species group | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suillum | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Acne | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| ADHD | 4.5 | 0.9 | 4 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.75 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 0.27 |
| Allergies | 6.8 | 4 | 0.7 |
| Allergy to milk products | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1.6 | 1.6 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 5.8 | 6.5 | -0.12 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 4.1 | 0.9 | 3.56 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 4.1 | 1.8 | 1.28 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.6 | 3.1 | -0.94 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Asthma | 5.5 | 3.1 | 0.77 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.9 | 2.5 | -0.32 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 4 | 2.5 | 0.6 |
| Autism | 10.3 | 9.8 | 0.05 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.6 | 1 | -0.67 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Biofilm | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.06 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Cancer (General) | 0.9 | 1.6 | -0.78 |
| Carcinoma | 3.8 | 2.6 | 0.46 |
| Celiac Disease | 2.9 | 4.2 | -0.45 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.38 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.6 | 6.4 | -0.39 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 3.5 | 2.9 | 0.21 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1.8 | 2 | -0.11 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.8 | 1.7 | -1.13 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.86 |
| Cognitive Function | 3.6 | 1.6 | 1.25 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 7.6 | 2.2 | 2.45 |
| Constipation | 1 | 1.3 | -0.3 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.8 | 2.9 | -0.61 |
| COVID-19 | 8.1 | 11.8 | -0.46 |
| Crohn's Disease | 8.5 | 6.8 | 0.25 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.6 | -1.6 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 2.3 | 1.4 | 0.64 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
| Depression | 9.9 | 9.6 | 0.03 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 1.7 | 2.1 | -0.24 |
| Endometriosis | 2.3 | 2 | 0.15 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Epilepsy | 2.8 | 2.2 | 0.27 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Fibromyalgia | 2.5 | 2.2 | 0.14 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 4.7 | 3.8 | 0.24 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 3 | 1.6 | 0.88 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2.6 | 3 | -0.15 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.08 |
| Graves' disease | 1.9 | 3.3 | -0.74 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.9 | 2.4 | -1.67 |
| Halitosis | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 3.8 | 1.8 | 1.11 |
| Heart Failure | 3.6 | 2.3 | 0.57 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 1 | 0.6 | 0.67 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| hyperglycemia | 1.7 | 2.2 | -0.29 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 1.3 | 0.3 | 3.33 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 4.1 | 6.3 | -0.54 |
| Hypothyroidism | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 2.5 | 0.9 | 1.78 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.9 | 4.8 | -1.53 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 7.5 | 10.7 | -0.43 |
| Insomnia | 2.3 | 3.5 | -0.52 |
| Intelligence | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.83 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.56 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 7 | 5.3 | 0.32 |
| ischemic stroke | 3.1 | 1.1 | 1.82 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 7.7 | 5.3 | 0.45 |
| Long COVID | 5.9 | 8.6 | -0.46 |
| Low bone mineral density | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.3 | 1.6 | -4.33 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.8 | 2.2 | -1.75 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.8 | 2.4 | -0.33 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 1.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 7.5 | 8.4 | -0.12 |
| Mood Disorders | 10.7 | 7.5 | 0.43 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 1.5 | 0.1 | 14 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 7.6 | 6.8 | 0.12 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 1.9 | 0.7 | 1.71 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.3 | 0.7 | -1.33 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 3.6 | -11 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 1.2 | 2.2 | -0.83 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 4.3 | 5.6 | -0.3 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.9 | 0.6 | 2.17 |
| Obesity | 11.2 | 8.9 | 0.26 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 4.3 | 4.4 | -0.02 |
| Osteoarthritis | 2.4 | 1.6 | 0.5 |
| Osteoporosis | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 8.8 | 7 | 0.26 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 5.8 | 3.4 | 0.71 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.6 | -2 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 1.2 | 1.4 | -0.17 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 2.6 | 3.2 | -0.23 |
| Psoriasis | 3.7 | 4 | -0.08 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 8.1 | 4.6 | 0.76 |
| Rosacea | 0.7 | 1 | -0.43 |
| Schizophrenia | 7 | 3.5 | 1 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 1.2 | -3 |
| sensorineural hearing loss | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 2.6 | 2.7 | -0.04 |
| Sleep Apnea | 2.2 | 1.8 | 0.22 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.67 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 3.1 | 3.2 | -0.03 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 4.7 | 2.4 | 0.96 |
| Tic Disorder | 1 | 1.8 | -0.8 |
| Tourette syndrome | 1.3 | 0.3 | 3.33 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 3.5 | 3.6 | -0.03 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 7.8 | 7.8 | 0 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 4.8 | 7.5 | -0.56 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 4.9 | 2.9 | 0.69 |
| Vitiligo | 2.4 | 1.8 | 0.33 |
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