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Liver Function Abnormalities: Bosentan can cause liver function abnormalities, including elevated liver enzymes. Periodic monitoring of liver function tests is typically recommended during treatment. In some cases, bosentan may lead to liver injury or hepatitis, which can be serious and may require discontinuation of the medication.
Fluid Retention: Some individuals may experience fluid retention or edema while taking bosentan. This can manifest as swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen. Monitoring of fluid status and adjustment of medication dosage may be necessary in some cases.
Anemia: Bosentan may cause a decrease in red blood cell count, leading to anemia. Symptoms of anemia may include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin levels is recommended during treatment with bosentan.
Birth Defects: Bosentan is known to cause birth defects and fetal harm if taken during pregnancy. It is contraindicated in pregnancy, and women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception while taking the medication and for a period after discontinuation of treatment. Pregnancy must be avoided for at least one month after stopping bosentan therapy.
Drug Interactions: Bosentan can interact with other medications, including hormonal contraceptives, cyclosporine, and certain HIV medications. These interactions can affect the effectiveness of both bosentan and the other medications, so it's important to inform healthcare providers about all medications being taken.
Headache: Headache is a common side effect of bosentan treatment. In most cases, headaches are mild to moderate in severity and may improve over time as the body adjusts to the medication. However, severe or persistent headaches should be reported to a healthcare provider.
Other Side Effects: Other potential side effects of bosentan may include dizziness, flushing, nasal congestion, gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), and rash.
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
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