AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Migraine Prevention: Pizotifen is commonly prescribed as a preventive medication for migraines. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antihistamines with serotonin antagonist properties. The exact mechanism by which pizotifen prevents migraines is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve its ability to reduce the release of certain neurotransmitters involved in migraine pathophysiology.
Reduction of Migraine Frequency: Clinical studies have shown that pizotifen can reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks in individuals prone to recurrent migraines. It is often recommended for patients who experience frequent or debilitating migraines despite other treatments.
Other Vascular Headaches: In addition to migraines, pizotifen may also be used in the management of other types of vascular headaches, such as cluster headaches and tension headaches. However, its efficacy in these conditions may vary, and it is not typically considered a first-line treatment.
Prophylactic Therapy: Pizotifen is typically taken on a daily basis as prophylactic therapy to prevent the onset of migraines. It is not intended for immediate relief of acute migraine attacks but rather works to reduce the frequency and severity of future episodes when taken regularly over time.
Side Effects: Common side effects of pizotifen may include drowsiness, dizziness, weight gain, increased appetite, dry mouth, and fatigue. These side effects are usually mild and transient but may affect some individuals more than others. It's essential for patients to discuss any bothersome side effects with their healthcare provider.
Contraindications: Pizotifen should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions, such as liver or kidney impairment, cardiovascular disease, or glaucoma. It is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
Individual Response: The effectiveness of pizotifen may vary among individuals, and some patients may experience significant improvement in their migraine symptoms while others may not respond as well. It may take several weeks to months of continuous treatment to assess the full benefits of pizotifen for migraine prevention.
Monitoring: Patients taking pizotifen for migraine prevention should be monitored regularly by their healthcare provider to assess treatment response, manage side effects, and adjust the dosage as needed. Periodic evaluation of migraine frequency and severity may help optimize treatment outcomes.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansiaceae | family | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Dorea | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Roseburia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Agathobacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridioides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Collinsella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Eggerthella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lachnospira | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Mediterraneibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Odoribacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Phocaeicola | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Veillonella | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Segatella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Enterocloster | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Blautia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | environmental samples | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | unclassified Akkermansia | no rank | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Agathobacter rectalis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides uniformis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridioides difficile | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Dorea formicigenerans | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lachnospira eligens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Segatella copri | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium longum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Akkermansia muciniphila | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Veillonella parvula | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Phocaeicola vulgatus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Collinsella aerofaciens | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia massiliensis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Candidatus Akkermansia intestinavium | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Roseburia intestinalis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Blautia obeum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | [Ruminococcus] torques | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Eggerthella lenta | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides ovatus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Enterocloster bolteae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Odoribacter splanchnicus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Akkermansia glycaniphila | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suillum | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.33 |
| ADHD | 3.7 | 0.6 | 5.17 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.3 | 1.6 | -0.23 |
| Allergies | 4 | 3.6 | 0.11 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1 | 1 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 4 | 3.8 | 0.05 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 2.6 | 0.8 | 2.25 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 3 | 0.9 | 2.33 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.7 | 2.2 | -2.14 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Asthma | 3.5 | 2.6 | 0.35 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.3 | 1.4 | -0.08 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.6 | 1.8 | 0.44 |
| Autism | 6.2 | 7 | -0.13 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Biofilm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.6 | 1.4 | -1.33 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Cancer (General) | 0.6 | 1.4 | -1.33 |
| Carcinoma | 2.5 | 2.2 | 0.14 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.6 | 3.3 | -1.06 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.1 | 1.3 | -0.18 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 2.9 | 3.6 | -0.24 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 2.4 | 2.1 | 0.14 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.3 | 1.1 | -2.67 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.3 | 1.2 | -3 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 1 | -1 | |
| Cognitive Function | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.27 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 5.2 | 2 | 1.6 |
| Constipation | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.9 | 2.3 | -1.56 |
| COVID-19 | 6.2 | 9.3 | -0.5 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4.6 | 5.1 | -0.11 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.7 | -1.7 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Depression | 6.3 | 6.4 | -0.02 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Eczema | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Endometriosis | 1.3 | 1.7 | -0.31 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Epilepsy | 1.4 | 1.5 | -0.07 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.8 | 1.8 | 0 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.8 | 2.4 | 0.17 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.27 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 1 | 1.9 | -0.9 |
| Gout | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.33 |
| Graves' disease | 1.5 | 2.7 | -0.8 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.1 | 1.8 | -17 |
| Halitosis | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 2.9 | 1.2 | 1.42 |
| Heart Failure | 1.8 | 2.1 | -0.17 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| hyperglycemia | 0.9 | 1.5 | -0.67 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| hypersomnia | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 3 | 4.4 | -0.47 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.3 | 0.7 | -1.33 |
| Hypoxia | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.56 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.9 | 3.9 | -3.33 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.5 | 7.3 | -1.09 |
| Insomnia | 1.3 | 2.9 | -1.23 |
| Intelligence | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 4.7 | 4 | 0.18 |
| ischemic stroke | 2.1 | 1.1 | 0.91 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 4 | 3.6 | 0.11 |
| Long COVID | 3.7 | 6.9 | -0.86 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lung Cancer | 1.5 | -1.5 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0 | 1.4 | 0 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.4 | 1.8 | -3.5 |
| Menopause | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.38 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 3.7 | 5.9 | -0.59 |
| Mood Disorders | 6.3 | 5.3 | 0.19 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.7 | 4.1 | -0.11 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.14 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 1.8 | -5 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.7 | 0.9 | -0.29 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 3.3 | 4.8 | -0.45 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.8 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Obesity | 6.4 | 5.7 | 0.12 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 3.4 | 3.1 | 0.1 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1 | 1.1 | -0.1 |
| Osteoporosis | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.13 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 5.3 | 4.6 | 0.15 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.07 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Psoriasis | 2.3 | 2.5 | -0.09 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 5.9 | 3.4 | 0.74 |
| Rosacea | 0.7 | 0.8 | -0.14 |
| Schizophrenia | 4.9 | 2.4 | 1.04 |
| scoliosis | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.7 | 2.6 | -0.53 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 1.4 | 1.8 | -0.29 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.9 | 1.8 | -1 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 2 | 3.4 | -0.7 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 4.6 | 6 | -0.3 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.7 | 5.4 | -1 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 2.6 | 2 | 0.3 |
| Vitiligo | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.6 |
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