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Gene Expression Regulation: m6A modification influences gene expression by affecting mRNA processing and metabolism. It can regulate mRNA stability by determining the rate of mRNA degradation. Additionally, m6A modification can modulate mRNA translation efficiency, influencing the production of proteins from mRNA transcripts. Dysregulation of m6A modification has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and metabolic diseases.
Cancer: Dysregulated m6A modification has been observed in various types of cancer and is associated with altered gene expression patterns that contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Aberrant expression of m6A writers, erasers, or readers—enzymes involved in m6A modification—can promote oncogenic signaling pathways, tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Conversely, restoration of normal m6A levels or targeting m6A-related pathways may offer therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment.
Neurological Disorders: m6A modification is essential for proper neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Dysregulation of m6A modification has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, alterations in m6A modification have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis and progression.
Metabolic Disorders: m6A modification has been linked to the regulation of metabolic pathways and energy homeostasis. Dysregulated m6A modification in metabolic tissues such as the liver, adipose tissue, and pancreas can contribute to metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease. Targeting m6A-related pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for managing metabolic disorders and improving metabolic health.
Immune Responses: m6A modification plays a role in regulating immune responses and inflammatory signaling pathways. Dysregulated m6A modification in immune cells can impact immune cell differentiation, activation, and function, influencing the immune response to pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Modulating m6A modification may have implications for immunotherapy and autoimmune disease treatment.
Therapeutic Targeting: Given its importance in regulating gene expression and its association with various diseases, m6A modification has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. Strategies for modulating m6A modification include targeting m6A writers, erasers, or readers using small molecule inhibitors, antisense oligonucleotides, or gene editing technologies. However, further research is needed to develop safe and effective therapeutic interventions targeting m6A-related pathways.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bilophila | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridioides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Coprococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Mediterraneibacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Collinsella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Streptococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Blautia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Enterocloster | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Segatella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens A | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens B | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens C | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens CPE | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens D | no rank | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridium perfringens E | no rank | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bilophila wadsworthia | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides merdae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridioides difficile | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridium perfringens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Coprococcus comes | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus salivarius | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Mediterraneibacter gnavus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Collinsella aerofaciens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides caccae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Blautia obeum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Enterocloster bolteae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides uniformis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Segatella copri | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus parasanguinis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides ovatus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Acne | 0 | 0 | |
| ADHD | 1.4 | 0.2 | 6 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Allergies | 2.6 | 1.6 | 0.63 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 2.4 | 2.3 | 0.04 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.25 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.5 | 0.9 | -0.8 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.25 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.1 | 0.5 | -4 |
| Asthma | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.67 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.55 |
| Autism | 3.8 | 2.6 | 0.46 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Biofilm | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.57 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Cancer (General) | 1.2 | -1.2 | |
| Carcinoma | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.46 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.4 | 1.6 | -3 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 2.6 | 2.8 | -0.08 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.11 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| Cognitive Function | 1.4 | 0.4 | 2.5 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 2.4 | 0.5 | 3.8 |
| Constipation | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.83 |
| COVID-19 | 2.9 | 3.2 | -0.1 |
| Crohn's Disease | 3.1 | 1.7 | 0.82 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Depression | 3.6 | 3.7 | -0.03 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Eczema | 0.7 | 1 | -0.43 |
| Endometriosis | 1 | 0.7 | 0.43 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Epilepsy | 1.2 | 1.3 | -0.08 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 1.9 | 2.1 | -0.11 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Gout | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Graves' disease | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.33 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
| Halitosis | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Heart Failure | 2.6 | 0.6 | 3.33 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2 | 1.7 | 0.18 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Hypoxia | 1.4 | 0 | 0 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.33 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.2 | 3.3 | -0.03 |
| Insomnia | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.13 |
| Intelligence | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.75 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.1 | 2 | 0.05 |
| ischemic stroke | 1.3 | 0.1 | 12 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.65 |
| Long COVID | 2.1 | 3.2 | -0.52 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.1 | 0.8 | -7 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.5 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Menopause | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4.1 | 2.6 | 0.58 |
| Mood Disorders | 4.1 | 3.7 | 0.11 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.23 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.1 | 0.6 | -5 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.2 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Obesity | 3.4 | 3.4 | 0 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 2.4 | 1 | 1.4 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1 | 0.7 | 0.43 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 4 | 1.5 | 1.67 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3.7 | 2.1 | 0.76 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.1 | 0.6 | -5 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1 | 2.1 | -1.1 |
| Psoriasis | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.67 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 3.5 | 1 | 2.5 |
| Rosacea | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.67 |
| Schizophrenia | 3.1 | 1.7 | 0.82 |
| scoliosis | 0.2 | 0.9 | -3.5 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.9 | 1 | -0.11 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2.3 | 0.6 | 2.83 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 3.4 | 2.3 | 0.48 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2 | 3 | -0.5 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 2.1 | 0.8 | 1.63 |
| Vitiligo | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.08 |
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