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Anthelmintic Action: Pyrantel tartrate works by paralyzing the muscles of the worms, specifically the neuromuscular junction, leading to their expulsion from the body. It is effective against a variety of parasitic worms, including pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis), roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus).
Pinworm Infection (Enterobiasis): Pyrantel tartrate is commonly used to treat pinworm infections, which are caused by the parasite Enterobius vermicularis. Pinworm infections are characterized by symptoms such as anal itching, irritability, restlessness, and disturbed sleep. Pyrantel tartrate helps eliminate the pinworms from the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the associated symptoms.
Roundworm Infection (Ascariasis): Pyrantel tartrate is also effective against roundworm infections caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. Roundworm infections may lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Treatment with pyrantel tartrate helps eliminate the roundworms from the intestines and alleviates the associated symptoms.
Hookworm Infection: Pyrantel tartrate is used to treat hookworm infections caused by Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Hookworm infections may cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, fatigue, and weight loss. Pyrantel tartrate helps eradicate the hookworms from the intestines and improves the patient's condition.
Administration: Pyrantel tartrate is typically administered orally as a tablet or suspension. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the type and severity of the parasitic infection, as well as the age and weight of the patient. It may be given as a single dose or in divided doses over several days.
Side Effects: Common side effects of pyrantel tartrate may include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. These side effects are usually mild and transient. Allergic reactions, although rare, may occur and manifest as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If any adverse reactions occur, medical attention should be sought promptly.
Contraindications: Pyrantel tartrate is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. It should be used with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women and in patients with liver disease or impaired renal function.
Preventive Measures: To prevent reinfection and transmission of parasitic worms, good hygiene practices such as frequent handwashing, regular bathing, and laundering of bedding and clothing are recommended. Family members and close contacts of infected individuals should also be treated to prevent the spread of infection.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| 📓 Direct Citations | 👪👶 Indirect Citations | Taxonomy | Rank | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | Dorea | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Roseburia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Parabacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bacteroides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bifidobacterium | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Bilophila | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Clostridioides | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Collinsella | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacrimispora | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Odoribacter | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Streptococcus | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Blautia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Thomasclavelia | genus | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus | genus | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacrimispora saccharolytica | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Roseburia hominis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides distasonis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bilophila wadsworthia | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Blautia obeum | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Clostridioides difficile | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Collinsella aerofaciens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Odoribacter splanchnicus | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Thomasclavelia ramosa | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides caccae | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Dorea formicigenerans | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides xylanisolvens | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Streptococcus parasanguinis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Bacteroides fragilis | species | Decreases |
| 1 | 0 | Parabacteroides merdae | species | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei | subspecies | Decreases |
| 0 | 1 | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans | subspecies | Decreases |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| ADHD | 1.9 | 0.3 | 5.33 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.75 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2 | 0.6 | 2.33 |
| Allergies | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.67 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.6 | 1 | -0.67 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 2.6 | 2.4 | 0.08 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 2.1 | 0.3 | 6 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.1 | 1.6 | -0.45 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Asthma | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.71 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 | 1.3 | 0.54 |
| Autism | 3.5 | 3.5 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Biofilm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.1 | -0.22 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma | 2.9 | 2.3 | 0.26 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.9 | 2.3 | -1.56 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.9 | 1 | -0.11 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 1 | 2.3 | -1.3 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.8 | 1.1 | 0.64 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.2 | 0.8 | -3 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.7 | 1 | -0.43 |
| Cognitive Function | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.07 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 2.5 | 1.4 | 0.79 |
| Constipation | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.6 | 1.3 | -1.17 |
| COVID-19 | 2.3 | 3.1 | -0.35 |
| Crohn's Disease | 3.7 | 2.9 | 0.28 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.3 | -1.3 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.7 | 1.1 | -0.57 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Depression | 4.1 | 3.4 | 0.21 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Endometriosis | 2 | 0.8 | 1.5 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Epilepsy | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.08 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Fibromyalgia | 2.1 | 0.6 | 2.5 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 1.6 | 1.8 | -0.13 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.7 | 1.4 | -1 |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Graves' disease | 1.3 | 2.4 | -0.85 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Halitosis | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.11 |
| Heart Failure | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 1 | 1 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.67 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hyperglycemia | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2.3 | 2.5 | -0.09 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Hypoxia | 1.6 | 0.3 | 4.33 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 2.2 | 2.7 | -0.23 |
| Insomnia | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0 |
| Intelligence | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.4 | 2.1 | 0.14 |
| ischemic stroke | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.75 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 3.4 | 2.3 | 0.48 |
| Long COVID | 2.2 | 3.5 | -0.59 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.3 | 1.5 | -4 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 3.9 | 3.5 | 0.11 |
| Mood Disorders | 3.4 | 2.6 | 0.31 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 2.2 | 2.4 | -0.09 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.33 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| neuropathic pain | 1.7 | -1.7 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.4 | 1.3 | -2.25 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 2.5 | 1.8 | 0.39 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1 | 0.6 | 0.67 |
| Obesity | 4.5 | 3.3 | 0.36 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 1.4 | 1.9 | -0.36 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.8 | 1.3 | -0.63 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 3.2 | 2.9 | 0.1 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 2.5 | 2.1 | 0.19 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Psoriasis | 1 | 1.5 | -0.5 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 3.4 | 2.4 | 0.42 |
| Rosacea | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Schizophrenia | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.35 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.1 | 1.7 | -0.55 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2.1 | 1.8 | 0.17 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 1.7 | 1.9 | -0.12 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1 | 1.4 | -0.4 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 3.7 | 2.8 | 0.32 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.2 | 2.6 | -0.18 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 |
| Vitiligo | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.86 |
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