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🍽️ 2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium {choline}

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  1. Brain Health: Choline is vital for brain development and cognitive function, particularly during fetal development and early childhood. Adequate choline intake during pregnancy may help prevent neural tube defects and support optimal brain development in the fetus. In adults, choline plays a role in neurotransmitter synthesis and may help improve memory, learning, and concentration.

  2. Liver Health: Choline is involved in lipid metabolism and helps transport fats from the liver for use in energy production or storage. Adequate choline intake may help prevent fatty liver disease and promote liver health by facilitating the export of excess fat from the liver and reducing the accumulation of triglycerides.

  3. Heart Health: Choline plays a role in lipid metabolism and may help regulate cholesterol levels in the blood. It participates in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a component of lipoproteins involved in cholesterol transport. Adequate choline intake may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by supporting healthy lipid profiles and reducing inflammation.

  4. Muscle Function: Choline is involved in muscle contraction and may help improve muscle strength and endurance. It is a precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle contractions. Adequate choline intake may help athletes and individuals engaged in physical activity maintain optimal muscle function and performance.

  5. Cell Membrane Integrity: Choline is a component of phospholipids, which are essential for the structure and function of cell membranes. Adequate choline intake helps maintain cell membrane integrity, allowing cells to communicate effectively and regulate nutrient transport, waste removal, and cellular signaling.

  6. Methylation Reactions: Choline is a major dietary source of methyl groups, which are essential for various biochemical reactions, including DNA synthesis, gene expression, and neurotransmitter metabolism. Adequate choline intake supports methylation reactions and helps regulate gene expression, cell differentiation, and tissue repair.

  7. Neurological Disorders: Some research suggests that choline supplementation may have potential benefits for certain neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. Choline plays a role in neurotransmitter synthesis, brain cell membrane integrity, and methylation reactions, which may influence neurological function and cognitive health.

  8. Pregnancy and Infant Health: Adequate choline intake during pregnancy is crucial for fetal brain development, neural tube closure, and placental function. Choline supplementation may help prevent neural tube defects, improve cognitive function, and reduce the risk of developmental disorders in infants.

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Data Contradictions — Limits of Certainity

Impacted of 2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium {choline} On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact
genus Bacillus Increases
genus Bifidobacterium Increases
species Akkermansia muciniphila Increases
species Bifidobacterium adolescentis Increases
species Bifidobacterium animalis Increases
species Bifidobacterium bifidum Increases
species Bifidobacterium breve Increases
species Bifidobacterium catenulatum Increases
species Bifidobacterium longum Increases
species Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Increases
species Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Increases
species Parabacteroides distasonis Increases
species Parabacteroides goldsteinii Increases

Bacteria Impacted by 2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium {choline}

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

🧙?

📓 Direct Citations 👪👶 Indirect Citations Taxonomy Rank Effect
0 2 Bacteroidota/Chlorobiota group clade Decreases
0 1 PVC group clade Increases
0 2 Terrabacteria group clade Increases
2 0 Bacteroidia class Decreases
1 0 Gammaproteobacteria class Decreases
1 0 Spirochaetia class Decreases
2 0 Clostridia class Increases
1 0 Veillonellaceae family Decreases
0 1 Bacteroidaceae family Decreases
0 1 Bruguierivoracaceae family Decreases
0 1 Hafniaceae family Decreases
0 1 Ketobacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Lachnospiraceae family Decreases
0 1 Marinobacteraceae family Decreases
0 1 Morganellaceae family Decreases
0 1 Peptostreptococcaceae family Decreases
0 1 Perlucidibacaceae family Decreases
0 1 Pseudohongiellaceae family Decreases
0 1 Succinivibrionaceae family Decreases
0 1 Thorselliaceae family Decreases
0 1 Vibrionaceae family Decreases
1 2 Prevotellaceae family Decreases
0 2 Tannerellaceae family Decreases
2 0 Oscillospiraceae family Increases
0 1 Akkermansiaceae family Increases
0 1 Atopobiaceae family Increases
0 1 Bacillaceae family Increases
0 1 Cellulomonadaceae family Increases
0 1 Lactobacillaceae family Increases
0 2 Bifidobacteriaceae family Increases
1 0 Christensenellaceae family Increases
1 0 Clostridiaceae family Increases
1 0 Bacteroides genus Decreases
1 0 Coprococcus genus Decreases
1 0 Megasphaera genus Decreases
1 0 Roseburia genus Decreases
1 0 Terrisporobacter genus Decreases
0 1 Aminipila genus Decreases
0 1 Pseudobutyrivibrio genus Decreases
2 0 Parabacteroides genus Increases
0 1 Citrobacter genus Increases
0 1 Eubacterium genus Increases
1 0 Akkermansia genus Increases
1 0 Bacillus genus Increases
1 0 Bacillus genus Increases
1 0 Cellulomonas genus Increases
1 0 Clostridium genus Increases
1 0 Lactobacillus genus Increases
1 0 Libanicoccus genus Increases
3 0 Prevotella genus Increases
0 3 Streptococcus genus Increases
2 0 Bifidobacterium genus Increases
0 1 Clostridia incertae sedis no rank Decreases
0 1 Enterobacterales incertae sedis no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Clostridia no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Coprococcus no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Gammaproteobacteria no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Pseudomonadales no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Roseburia no rank Decreases
0 1 unclassified Terrisporobacter no rank Decreases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Akkermansia no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Parabacteroides no rank Increases
0 2 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 2 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 2 unclassified Bifidobacterium no rank Increases
0 2 unclassified Prevotella no rank Increases
1 0 Aeromonadales order Decreases
1 0 Bacteroidales order Decreases
1 0 Enterobacterales order Decreases
1 0 Pasteurellales order Decreases
1 0 Pseudomonadales order Decreases
1 0 Vibrionales order Decreases
0 1 Veillonellales order Decreases
0 1 Neisseriales order Decreases
0 1 Acidiferrobacterales order Decreases
0 1 Caldicellulosiruptorales order Decreases
0 1 Candidatus Comchoanobacterales order Decreases
0 1 Cellvibrionales order Decreases
0 1 Christensenellales order Decreases
0 1 Halanaerobiales order Decreases
0 1 Immundisolibacterales order Decreases
0 1 Kangiellales order Decreases
0 1 Koleobacterales order Decreases
0 1 Lachnospirales order Decreases
0 1 Monoglobales order Decreases
0 1 Moorellales order Decreases
0 1 Moraxellales order Decreases
0 1 Natranaerobiales order Decreases
0 1 Orbales order Decreases
0 1 Peptostreptococcales order Decreases
0 1 Saccharofermentanales order Decreases
0 1 Salinisphaerales order Decreases
0 1 Thermoanaerobacterales order Decreases
0 1 Thermosediminibacterales order Decreases
0 1 Thiohalobacterales order Decreases
0 1 Thiohalomonadales order Decreases
0 1 Thiohalorhabdales order Decreases
0 1 Thiohalospirales order Decreases
0 3 Eubacteriales order Decreases
2 0 Bacteroidota phylum Decreases
1 0 Euryarchaeota phylum Decreases
1 0 Spirochaetota phylum Decreases
1 0 Verrucomicrobiota phylum Increases
1 2 Bacillota phylum Increases
2 0 Actinomycetota phylum Increases
2 0 Pseudomonadota phylum Increases
1 0 Megasphaera elsdenii species Decreases
0 1 Megasphaera hexanoica species Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus catus species Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus comes species Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus eutactus species Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus hominis (ex Arizal et al. 2022) species Decreases
0 1 Coprococcus phoceensis species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia cecicola species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia difficilis species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia faecis species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia hominis species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia intestinalis species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia inulinivorans species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia lenta species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia porci species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia rectibacter species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia yibonii species Decreases
0 1 Roseburia zhanii species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter glycolicus species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter hibernicus species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter mayombei species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter muris species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter othiniensis species Decreases
0 1 Terrisporobacter petrolearius species Decreases
0 1 Streptococcus infantis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus oralis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. oral taxon 061 species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus lactarius species Increases
0 1 Gemella haemolysans species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. oral taxon 431 species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus toyakuensis species Increases
0 1 Akkermansia glycaniphila species Increases
0 1 Akkermansia massiliensis species Increases
0 1 Akkermansia muciniphila species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Akkermansia intestinavium species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Parabacteroides intestinavium species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Parabacteroides intestinipullorum species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides acidifaciens species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides chinchillae species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides distasonis species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides faecis species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides goldsteinii species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides gordonii species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides johnsonii species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides leei species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides massiliensis species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides merdae species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides provencensis species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides segnis species Increases
0 1 Parabacteroides timonensis species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus sp. 116-D4 species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus gwangjuense species Increases
0 1 Streptococcus mitis species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium adolescentis species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium aesculapii species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium angulatum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium animalis species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium asteroides species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium avesanii species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium biavatii species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bifidum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bohemicum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium bombi species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium boum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium breve species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium callitrichidarum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium callitrichos species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium catenulatum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium choerinum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium commune species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium coryneforme species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium cuniculi species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium dentium species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium eulemuris species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium faecale species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium gallicum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium imperatoris species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium indicum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium lemurum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium longum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium magnum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium merycicum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium minimum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium mongoliense species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium moukalabense species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium myosotis species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium porcinum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pseudolongum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium psychraerophilum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium pullorum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium reuteri species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium ruminantium species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium saguini species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium scardovii species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium simiae species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium stellenboschense species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium stercoris species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium subtile species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium thermophilum species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium tissieri species Increases
0 2 Bifidobacterium tsurumiense species Increases
0 2 Candidatus Prevotella avicola species Increases
0 2 Candidatus Prevotella stercoripullorum species Increases
0 2 Prevotella amnii species Increases
0 2 Prevotella aurantiaca species Increases
0 2 Prevotella bivia species Increases
0 2 Prevotella brunnea species Increases
0 2 Prevotella communis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella conceptionensis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella corporis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella dentalis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella dentasini species Increases
0 2 Prevotella denticola species Increases
0 2 Prevotella disiens species Increases
0 2 Prevotella falsenii species Increases
0 2 Prevotella fusca species Increases
0 2 Prevotella herbatica species Increases
0 2 Prevotella histicola species Increases
0 2 Prevotella intermedia species Increases
0 2 Prevotella jejuni species Increases
0 2 Prevotella marseillensis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella melaninogenica species Increases
0 2 Prevotella merdae species Increases
0 2 Prevotella micans species Increases
0 2 Prevotella multiformis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella nigrescens species Increases
0 2 Prevotella pallens species Increases
0 2 Prevotella pectinovora species Increases
0 2 Prevotella phocaeensis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella rectalis species Increases
0 2 Prevotella scopos species Increases
0 2 Prevotella sp. P5-119 species Increases
0 2 Prevotella veroralis species Increases
0 2 Xylanibacter brevis species Increases
0 2 Xylanibacter oryzae species Increases
0 2 Xylanibacter rarus species Increases
0 2 Xylanibacter ruminicola species Increases
1 0 Citrobacter amalonaticus species Increases
1 0 Eubacterium coprostanoligenes species Increases
3 0 Streptococcus pneumoniae species Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae 670-6B strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae 70585 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae AP200 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae CGSP14 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae G54 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae Hungary19A-6 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae INV200 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae JJA strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae SPNA45 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae ST556 strain Increases
0 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae TCH8431/19A strain Increases
0 1 Bacillini tribe Increases

Impact of 2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium {choline} on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 0.2 -0.2
Acne 2.6 1.1 1.36
ADHD 2.1 4 -0.9
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma 0.6 0.2 2
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) 4.9 3.2 0.53
Allergies 7 5.8 0.21
Allergy to milk products 4.3 2 1.15
Alopecia (Hair Loss) 0.7 1.5 -1.14
Alzheimer's disease 6.9 10 -0.45
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron 2.4 3.1 -0.29
Ankylosing spondylitis 4.3 5.1 -0.19
Anorexia Nervosa 1.6 5.4 -2.38
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) 0.2 0.9 -3.5
Asthma 6.8 6.5 0.05
Atherosclerosis 2.6 3.9 -0.5
Atrial fibrillation 2.8 2.9 -0.04
Autism 10.7 9.7 0.1
Autoimmune Disease 2 2.4 -0.2
Barrett esophagus cancer 0.3 1.6 -4.33
benign prostatic hyperplasia 0 0.5 0
Biofilm 1.3 -1.3
Bipolar Disorder 2.6 3.5 -0.35
Brain Trauma 2.4 2.7 -0.13
Breast Cancer 0.8 0.8
Cancer (General) 0.4 1.1 -1.75
Carcinoma 1.5 2 -0.33
Celiac Disease 6.7 4 0.68
Cerebral Palsy 0.7 3.3 -3.71
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 5.3 4 0.32
Chronic Kidney Disease 2.9 2.8 0.04
Chronic Lyme 1 -1
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 3.4 4 -0.18
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) 1.4 3.1 -1.21
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria 0.6 3.1 -4.17
Cognitive Function 4 3.8 0.05
Colorectal Cancer 6.2 6.5 -0.05
Constipation 2.2 2.1 0.05
Coronary artery disease 1.9 2.2 -0.16
COVID-19 9.8 10.9 -0.11
Crohn's Disease 7.2 8.5 -0.18
Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) 0.5 -0.5
cystic fibrosis 0.8 1.8 -1.25
d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) 0.6 -0.6
deep vein thrombosis 1.7 2.3 -0.35
Denture Wearers Oral Shifts 1.1 1.5 -0.36
Depression 11.8 13.4 -0.14
Dermatomyositis 2.4 0.9 1.67
Eczema 4.9 2.7 0.81
Endometriosis 1.9 5.9 -2.11
Eosinophilic Esophagitis 1.6 0.9 0.78
Epilepsy 5 5.5 -0.1
erectile dysfunction 1.3 0.6 1.17
Fibromyalgia 2.6 2.9 -0.12
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation 7.4 5.9 0.25
gallstone disease (gsd) 2.1 2 0.05
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus 2.3 1.6 0.44
Generalized anxiety disorder 3.6 4.1 -0.14
giant cell arteritis 1.1 0.6 0.83
Glioblastoma 0.8 0.5 0.6
Gout 3.7 1.8 1.06
Graves' disease 4.2 4.2 0
Gulf War Syndrome 3.7 3.8 -0.03
Halitosis 1.3 1.2 0.08
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 3.8 3.6 0.06
Heart Failure 3.6 4.3 -0.19
hemorrhagic stroke 0.8 0.1 7
Hemorrhoidal disease, Hemorrhoids, Piles 0.2 0.2
Hidradenitis Suppurativa 0.7 0.5 0.4
High Histamine/low DAO 1.4 1.2 0.17
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) 0.2 1.1 -4.5
hyperglycemia 2.2 1.8 0.22
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) 1.4 4.5 -2.21
hypersomnia 0.4 -0.4
hypertension (High Blood Pressure 5.4 8.4 -0.56
Hypothyroidism 1.8 1.8 0
Hypoxia 1.9 2.4 -0.26
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 3.3 1.4 1.36
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 8.4 8.4 0
Insomnia 5.4 3.3 0.64
Intelligence 1.4 0.7 1
Intracranial aneurysms 1.5 2.2 -0.47
Irritable Bowel Syndrome 10.6 8.3 0.28
ischemic stroke 1.9 3.8 -1
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 0.7 0.6 0.17
Liver Cirrhosis 7.7 7.9 -0.03
Long COVID 9.7 11.3 -0.16
Low bone mineral density 0 1.8 0
Lung Cancer 0.3 0.2 0.5
Mast Cell Issues / mastitis 2 2.3 -0.15
ME/CFS with IBS 0.6 1.9 -2.17
ME/CFS without IBS 1.3 2.2 -0.69
membranous nephropathy 0.5 -0.5
Menopause 1.4 1.4 0
Metabolic Syndrome 9.7 9.3 0.04
Mood Disorders 12.5 13.6 -0.09
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] 1.5 -1.5
Multiple Sclerosis 4.4 9.3 -1.11
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) 1 1.4 -0.4
myasthenia gravis 1.4 1.5 -0.07
neuropathic pain 0.6 1.3 -1.17
Neuropathy (all types) 1.9 4 -1.11
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) 1 0.5 1
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic 6.8 6.8 0
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity 1.9 4.4 -1.32
Obesity 11.8 9.7 0.22
obsessive-compulsive disorder 3.1 2.1 0.48
Osteoarthritis 3.2 2.1 0.52
Osteoporosis 4.5 3 0.5
pancreatic cancer 1.7 0.5 2.4
Parkinson's Disease 7.4 10.4 -0.41
Peanut Allergy 0.2 -0.2
Polycystic ovary syndrome 7.2 6.1 0.18
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome 0.6 1.1 -0.83
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 0 2.1 0
primary biliary cholangitis 1.6 1.9 -0.19
Primary sclerosing cholangitis 3.7 3 0.23
Psoriasis 1.8 6.4 -2.56
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) 7.4 8.9 -0.2
Rosacea 3.3 2.8 0.18
Schizophrenia 9.2 7.6 0.21
scoliosis 0.9 0 0
sensorineural hearing loss 0.8 -0.8
Sjögren syndrome 2.9 2 0.45
Sleep Apnea 2.3 2.4 -0.04
Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis 3.1 0.5 5.2
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) 1.4 2.4 -0.71
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder 3.8 5 -0.32
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 6.6 5.6 0.18
Tic Disorder 0.8 0.8 0
Tourette syndrome 0.6 1.4 -1.33
Type 1 Diabetes 5.9 6.2 -0.05
Type 2 Diabetes 11 9 0.22
Ulcerative colitis 7.2 9.6 -0.33
Unhealthy Ageing 3.9 2.1 0.86
Vitiligo 2.5 2.2 0.14

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