This site may require a log-in in the near future. We are constantly being swamped by AI agents. If they continue to take down the site, we will be changing to requiring logins to access any item.

🍽️ Linaclotide

AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity  Kagi Labs  You 

  1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C): Linaclotide is approved for the management of IBS-C, a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, and altered bowel habits, including constipation. Linaclotide works by activating guanylate cyclase-C receptors in the intestine, which increases fluid secretion into the bowel, softens stool, and promotes bowel movements. It helps relieve constipation and may also reduce abdominal pain and bloating associated with IBS-C.

  2. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC): Linaclotide is also indicated for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), a condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools without an identifiable underlying cause. By increasing intestinal fluid secretion and accelerating colonic transit, linaclotide helps alleviate constipation symptoms and promotes regular bowel movements in patients with CIC.

  3. Mechanism of Action: Linaclotide is a synthetic peptide that acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract. It binds to and activates guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptors on the luminal surface of intestinal epithelial cells, leading to increased intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Elevated cGMP levels stimulate secretion of chloride and bicarbonate ions into the intestinal lumen, which results in increased fluid secretion and accelerated transit of stool through the colon. These actions help soften stool, increase bowel frequency, and relieve constipation.

  4. Dosage and Administration: Linaclotide is typically administered orally once daily on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before the first meal of the day. The recommended starting dosage for both IBS-C and CIC is 290 mcg once daily. Depending on individual response and tolerability, the dosage may be adjusted up to 290 mcg twice daily. It is essential to follow the prescribing healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and administration to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects.

  5. Adverse Effects: Common side effects associated with linaclotide therapy include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, nausea, and headache. Diarrhea is the most frequently reported adverse effect and may occur during the initial weeks of treatment. Most adverse effects are mild to moderate in severity and typically resolve with continued use. Patients should be advised to contact their healthcare provider if they experience persistent or severe symptoms.

  6. Contraindications and Precautions: Linaclotide is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction. It should be used with caution in patients with severe diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, or gastrointestinal disorders associated with electrolyte imbalance. Linaclotide is not recommended for use in pediatric patients due to limited safety and efficacy data in this population.

  7. Long-Term Use: Linaclotide is generally considered safe and effective for long-term use in patients with IBS-C or CIC. However, patients should be monitored regularly for treatment response and adverse effects. Long-term safety data beyond six months to one year of treatment are limited, and further research is needed to evaluate the effects of prolonged linaclotide therapy on gastrointestinal health and overall well-being.

;

Check for interactions on Supp.AI   |   📚 PubMed Citations

⚗️ Compensation for antibiotic usage

Data Contradictions — Limits of Certainity

Impacted of Linaclotide On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact
order Rhodospirillales Increases
species Blautia hansenii Increases
species Blautia wexlerae Increases

Bacteria Impacted by Linaclotide

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

🧙?

📓 Direct Citations 👪👶 Indirect Citations Taxonomy Rank Effect
0 1 Alphaproteobacteria class Increases
0 1 Spirochaetia class Increases
1 0 Clostridia class Increases
0 1 Acutalibacteraceae family Increases
0 1 Bianqueaceae family Increases
0 1 Butyricicoccaceae family Increases
0 1 Caldicoprobacteraceae family Increases
0 1 Cellulosilyticaceae family Increases
0 1 Christensenellaceae family Increases
0 1 Clostridiaceae family Increases
0 1 Defluviitaleaceae family Increases
0 1 Desulfallaceae family Increases
0 1 Desulfitobacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Desulfotomaculaceae family Increases
0 1 Desulfurisporaceae family Increases
0 1 Eubacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Feifaniaceae family Increases
0 1 Gracilibacteraceae family Increases
0 1 Heliobacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Maliibacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Oscillospiraceae family Increases
0 1 Peptococcaceae family Increases
0 1 Peptostreptococcaceae family Increases
0 1 Proteinivoraceae family Increases
0 1 Pumilibacteraceae family Increases
0 1 Symbiobacteriaceae family Increases
0 1 Syntrophomonadaceae family Increases
0 1 Thermincolaceae family Increases
0 1 Vallitaleaceae family Increases
0 1 Yeguiaceae family Increases
1 0 Lachnospiraceae family Increases
0 1 Acetatifactor genus Increases
0 1 Acetitomaculum genus Increases
0 1 Agathobacter genus Increases
0 1 Anaerobium genus Increases
0 1 Anaerobutyricum genus Increases
0 1 Anaerocolumna genus Increases
0 1 Anaeromicropila genus Increases
0 1 Anaeropeptidivorans genus Increases
0 1 Anaerosacchariphilus genus Increases
0 1 Anaerosporobacter genus Increases
0 1 Anaerostipes genus Increases
0 1 Anaerotaenia genus Increases
0 1 Anaerotignum genus Increases
0 1 Anthropogastromicrobium genus Increases
0 1 Bariatricus genus Increases
0 1 Brotaphodocola genus Increases
0 1 Butyribacter genus Increases
0 1 Butyrivibrio genus Increases
0 1 Candidatus Epulonipiscium genus Increases
0 1 Catenibacillus genus Increases
0 1 Catonella genus Increases
0 1 Chordicoccus genus Increases
0 1 Claveliimonas genus Increases
0 1 Coprococcus genus Increases
0 1 Cuneatibacter genus Increases
0 1 Diplocloster genus Increases
0 1 Dorea genus Increases
0 1 Eisenbergiella genus Increases
0 1 Enterocloster genus Increases
0 1 Extibacter genus Increases
0 1 Faecalicatena genus Increases
0 1 Faecalimonas genus Increases
0 1 Frisingicoccus genus Increases
0 1 Fusicatenibacter genus Increases
0 1 Gallintestinimicrobium genus Increases
0 1 Gluceribacter genus Increases
0 1 Herbinix genus Increases
0 1 Hespellia genus Increases
0 1 Hominifimenecus genus Increases
0 1 Hominisplanchenecus genus Increases
0 1 Hoministercoradaptatus genus Increases
0 1 Hominiventricola genus Increases
0 1 Jingyaoa genus Increases
0 1 Johnsonella genus Increases
0 1 Jutongia genus Increases
0 1 Kineothrix genus Increases
0 1 Lachnoanaerobaculum genus Increases
0 1 Lachnobacterium genus Increases
0 1 Lachnoclostridium genus Increases
0 1 Lachnospira genus Increases
0 1 Lachnotalea genus Increases
0 1 Lacrimispora genus Increases
0 1 Lientehia genus Increases
0 1 Luxibacter genus Increases
0 1 Marvinbryantia genus Increases
0 1 Mediterraneibacter genus Increases
0 1 Merdimonas genus Increases
0 1 Mobilitalea genus Increases
0 1 Moryella genus Increases
0 1 Muricomes genus Increases
0 1 Murimonas genus Increases
0 1 Niameybacter genus Increases
0 1 Novisyntrophococcus genus Increases
0 1 Oliverpabstia genus Increases
0 1 Oribacterium genus Increases
0 1 Parablautia genus Increases
0 1 Pararoseburia genus Increases
0 1 Parasporobacterium genus Increases
0 1 Porcincola genus Increases
0 1 Pseudobutyrivibrio genus Increases
0 1 Qiania genus Increases
0 1 Robinsoniella genus Increases
0 1 Roseburia genus Increases
0 1 Schaedlerella genus Increases
0 1 Sellimonas genus Increases
0 1 Shuttleworthella genus Increases
0 1 Simiaoa genus Increases
0 1 Sporobacterium genus Increases
0 1 Sporofaciens genus Increases
0 1 Stomatobaculum genus Increases
0 1 Suonthocola genus Increases
0 1 Syntrophococcus genus Increases
0 1 Tyzzerella genus Increases
0 1 Waltera genus Increases
0 1 Wansuia genus Increases
0 1 Wujia genus Increases
0 1 Zhenhengia genus Increases
1 0 Blautia genus Increases
0 1 Clostridia incertae sedis no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 environmental samples no rank Increases
0 1 Eubacteriales incertae sedis no rank Increases
0 1 Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Blautia no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Clostridia no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Eubacteriales no rank Increases
0 1 unclassified Lachnospiraceae no rank Increases
0 1 Caldicellulosiruptorales order Increases
0 1 Christensenellales order Increases
0 1 Halanaerobiales order Increases
0 1 Koleobacterales order Increases
0 1 Lachnospirales order Increases
0 1 Monoglobales order Increases
0 1 Moorellales order Increases
0 1 Natranaerobiales order Increases
0 1 Peptostreptococcales order Increases
0 1 Saccharofermentanales order Increases
0 1 Thermoanaerobacterales order Increases
0 1 Thermosediminibacterales order Increases
0 1 Spirochaetales order Increases
0 1 Rhodospirillales order Increases
1 0 Eubacteriales order Increases
0 1 Bacillota phylum Increases
0 1 Blautia argi species Increases
0 1 Blautia caecimuris species Increases
0 1 Blautia coccoides species Increases
0 1 Blautia difficilis species Increases
0 1 Blautia faecicola species Increases
0 1 Blautia faecis species Increases
0 1 Blautia fusiformis species Increases
0 1 Blautia glucerasea species Increases
0 1 Blautia hansenii species Increases
0 1 Blautia hominis species Increases
0 1 Blautia hydrogenotrophica species Increases
0 1 Blautia intestinalis species Increases
0 1 Blautia lenta species Increases
0 1 Blautia liquoris species Increases
0 1 Blautia luti species Increases
0 1 Blautia marasmi species Increases
0 1 Blautia massiliensis (ex Durand et al. 2017) species Increases
0 1 Blautia obeum species Increases
0 1 Blautia producta species Increases
0 1 Blautia provencensis species Increases
0 1 Blautia pseudococcoides species Increases
0 1 Blautia schinkii species Increases
0 1 Blautia segnis species Increases
0 1 Blautia stercoris species Increases
0 1 Blautia tarda species Increases
0 1 Blautia wexlerae species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia avicola species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia avistercoris species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia gallistercoris species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia intestinavium species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia merdigallinarum species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia ornithocaccae species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia pullicola species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia pullistercoris species Increases
0 1 Candidatus Blautia stercorigallinarum species Increases

Impact of Linaclotide on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
Acne 2.1 0.9 1.33
ADHD 2.7 2.2 0.23
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma 0.8 0.4 1
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) 0.6 0.8 -0.33
Allergies 1.8 2.4 -0.33
Allergy to milk products 0.6 1.2 -1
Alopecia (Hair Loss) 1.9 -1.9
Alzheimer's disease 4.5 2.4 0.88
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron 0.9 1.8 -1
Ankylosing spondylitis 0.8 1.8 -1.25
Anorexia Nervosa 3.2 2.2 0.45
Asthma 1.5 2.2 -0.47
Atherosclerosis 0.2 0.2
Atrial fibrillation 1.6 2 -0.25
Autism 3.3 4.5 -0.36
Autoimmune Disease 0.2 0.4 -1
benign prostatic hyperplasia 0.4 0.4
Bipolar Disorder 1.5 0.7 1.14
Brain Trauma 0.2 1.4 -6
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.4 -1
Cancer (General) 0.3 -0.3
Carcinoma 1 1.2 -0.2
Celiac Disease 2.5 1 1.5
Cerebral Palsy 1 1
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 2.3 1.2 0.92
Chronic Kidney Disease 1.9 0.2 8.5
Chronic Lyme 0.2 0.2
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1.4 1.8 -0.29
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) 0.2 0.2
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria 1.8 0.6 2
Cognitive Function 0.4 1.5 -2.75
Colorectal Cancer 0.6 3.3 -4.5
Constipation 0.8 1 -0.25
Coronary artery disease 2.4 1.2 1
COVID-19 4.9 2.7 0.81
Crohn's Disease 4.7 2.8 0.68
cystic fibrosis 1 1
deep vein thrombosis 1 0.6 0.67
Denture Wearers Oral Shifts 0.2 -0.2
Depression 5.5 4.3 0.28
Dermatomyositis 0.5 0.4 0.25
Eczema 0.2 0.2 0
Endometriosis 1.2 1.3 -0.08
Eosinophilic Esophagitis 1.5 1.5
Epilepsy 1.5 2.3 -0.53
erectile dysfunction 0.2 1 -4
Fibromyalgia 0.8 2.2 -1.75
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation 1.9 2.1 -0.11
gallstone disease (gsd) 0.2 1 -4
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus 2 0.7 1.86
Generalized anxiety disorder 0.4 1.2 -2
giant cell arteritis 0.2 -0.2
Glioblastoma 1 0.2 4
Gout 0.8 0.8
Graves' disease 3.5 0.2 16.5
Gulf War Syndrome 0.6 1.3 -1.17
Halitosis 0.4 0.6 -0.5
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 1 2.2 -1.2
Heart Failure 2.1 0.8 1.63
hemorrhagic stroke 1.2 1.2 0
Hemorrhoidal disease, Hemorrhoids, Piles 0.2 -0.2
Hidradenitis Suppurativa 0.7 0.2 2.5
High Histamine/low DAO 0.2 0.2 0
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) 0.6 -0.6
hyperglycemia 0.6 0.6 0
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) 0.6 0.6
hypersomnia 1.2 1.2
hypertension (High Blood Pressure 2.2 2.6 -0.18
Hypothyroidism 2.4 0.6 3
Hypoxia 0.4 0.2 1
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) 1 0.8 0.25
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 4.5 1.7 1.65
Insomnia 1.7 2 -0.18
Intelligence 1.2 -1.2
Intracranial aneurysms 1.2 1.4 -0.17
Irritable Bowel Syndrome 2.3 4.4 -0.91
ischemic stroke 2.4 0.8 2
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 0.3 0.3
Liver Cirrhosis 1.1 2.8 -1.55
Long COVID 5.9 3.8 0.55
Low bone mineral density 1.4 0.4 2.5
Lung Cancer 2.8 2.8
Mast Cell Issues / mastitis 1 0.3 2.33
ME/CFS with IBS 0.2 0.2
ME/CFS without IBS 0.2 0.2 0
Menopause 0.2 0.2
Metabolic Syndrome 4.1 3.9 0.05
Mood Disorders 4.7 4.7 0
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] 0.6 0.6
Multiple Sclerosis 2.3 2.2 0.05
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) 0.6 0.6
myasthenia gravis 0.8 0.8 0
neuropathic pain 1 1
Neuropathy (all types) 0.8 2.1 -1.63
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) 0.9 0.9
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic 3.6 3 0.2
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity 0.3 1.1 -2.67
Obesity 5.1 3.3 0.55
obsessive-compulsive disorder 2.2 0.6 2.67
Osteoarthritis 0.3 1.2 -3
Osteoporosis 1.3 1 0.3
pancreatic cancer 1.2 0.2 5
Parkinson's Disease 5.5 3.7 0.49
Peanut Allergy 0.6 0.6
Polycystic ovary syndrome 3.1 2.8 0.11
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome 0.2 0.2 0
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 0.2 0.8 -3
primary biliary cholangitis 0.4 1 -1.5
Primary sclerosing cholangitis 3.1 0.2 14.5
Psoriasis 0.6 0.9 -0.5
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) 3.3 4.2 -0.27
Rosacea 0.5 0.5
Schizophrenia 2.7 4 -0.48
scoliosis 1 -1
sensorineural hearing loss 0.6 0.6
Sjögren syndrome 1.6 1.1 0.45
Sleep Apnea 1.2 1.7 -0.42
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) 0.3 0.8 -1.67
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder 1.3 0.6 1.17
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 3.5 1.2 1.92
Tic Disorder 0.2 0.2 0
Tourette syndrome 0.2 0.2 0
Type 1 Diabetes 0.6 2.5 -3.17
Type 2 Diabetes 3.3 4.3 -0.3
Ulcerative colitis 3.3 3.3 0
Unhealthy Ageing 0.8 0.4 1
Vitiligo 0.2 0.8 -3

Explanations /Info /Descriptions are influenced by Large Language Models and may not be accurate and include some hallucinations.Please report any to us for correction.

Copyright 2016 - 2025 Lassesen Consulting, LLC[2007], DBA, Microbiome Prescription All rights served.   Permission to data scrap or reverse engineer is explicitly denied to all users.U.S.Code Title 18 PART I CHAPTER 47 § 1030, CETS No.185, CFAA   Use of data on this site is prohibited except under written license.There is no charge for individual personal use.Use for any commercial applications or research requires a written license.   Caveat emptor: Analysis and suggestions are based on modelling(and thus infererence ) based on studies.The data sources are usually given for those that wish to consider alternative inferences.theories and models.   Inventions /Methodologies on this site are Patent Pending.

Microbiome Prescription do not make any representations that data or analyses available on this site is suitable for human diagnostic purposes, for informing treatment decisions, or for any other purposes and accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever for such use.
This site is not in strict compliance with Personal Health Information Laws. [216.73.216 ]